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16-letter words containing p, m

  • jump up and down — bounce
  • kaposi's sarcoma — a form of skin cancer found in Africans and more recently in victims of AIDS
  • kiss and make up — be reconciled
  • kleptoparasitism — The parasitic theft of captured prey, nest material, etc. from animals of the same or another species.
  • knapsack problem — the problem of determining which numbers from a given collection of numbers have been added together to yield a specific sum: used in cryptography to encipher (and sometimes decipher) messages.
  • land-poor farmer — a farmer who owns much unprofitable land and lacks the money to maintain its fertility or improve it
  • law of parsimony — a principle according to which an explanation of a thing or event is made with the fewest possible assumptions.
  • league champions — the team that has come top of the league
  • learner's permit — A learner's permit is a license that allows you to drive a vehicle before you have passed your driving test.
  • legal department — the department that deals with legal matters
  • lever escapement — an escapement in which a pivoted lever, made to oscillate by the escape wheel, engages a balance staff and causes it to oscillate.
  • light microscope — microscope (def 1).
  • lighting-up time — the time when vehicles are required by law to have their lights switched on
  • limited-stop bus — a bus which only stops at a small number of predetermined stops, rather than on request
  • line composition — type produced on a linecaster
  • lines per minute — (unit)   (lpm) A unit used to measure line printer throughput.
  • loop combination — A program transformation where the bodies of two loops are merged into one thus reducing the overhead of manipulating and testing the control variable and branching. Further optimisation of the merged code may then become possible. In horizontal loop combination the bodies of the loops are largely independent so only the loop overhead is saved. Vertical loop combination applies where the results of the first loop are used by the second. Combining the two allows the intermediate results to be used immediately (in registers) rather than requiring them to be stored in an array. The functional equivalent of horizontal and vertical loop combination are tupling and fusion.
  • lump sum payment — money: one-off payment
  • lymphangiectasia — (medicine) dilation of the lymphatic vessels.
  • lymphangiectasis — Alt form lymphangiectasia.
  • lymphangiography — x-ray visualization of lymph vessels and nodes following injection of a contrast medium.
  • lymphatic system — an extensive network of capillary vessels that transports the interstitial fluid of the body as lymph to the venous blood circulation
  • lymphatic tissue — tissue, such as the lymph nodes, tonsils, spleen, and thymus, that produces lymphocytes
  • lz77 compression — The first algorithm to use the Lempel-Ziv substitutional compression schemes, proposed in 1977. LZ77 compression keeps track of the last n bytes of data seen, and when a phrase is encountered that has already been seen, it outputs a pair of values corresponding to the position of the phrase in the previously-seen buffer of data, and the length of the phrase. In effect the compressor moves a fixed-size "window" over the data (generally referred to as a "sliding window"), with the position part of the (position, length) pair referring to the position of the phrase within the window. The most commonly used algorithms are derived from the LZSS scheme described by James Storer and Thomas Szymanski in 1982. In this the compressor maintains a window of size N bytes and a "lookahead buffer", the contents of which it tries to find a match for in the window: while (lookAheadBuffer not empty) { get a pointer (position, match) to the longest match in the window for the lookahead buffer; if (length > MINIMUM_MATCH_LENGTH) { output a (position, length) pair; shift the window length characters along; } else { output the first character in the lookahead buffer; shift the window 1 character along; } } Decompression is simple and fast: whenever a (POSITION, LENGTH) pair is encountered, go to that POSITION in the window and copy LENGTH bytes to the output. Sliding-window-based schemes can be simplified by numbering the input text characters mod N, in effect creating a circular buffer. The sliding window approach automatically creates the LRU effect which must be done explicitly in LZ78 schemes. Variants of this method apply additional compression to the output of the LZSS compressor, which include a simple variable-length code (LZB), dynamic Huffman coding (LZH), and Shannon-Fano coding (ZIP 1.x), all of which result in a certain degree of improvement over the basic scheme, especially when the data are rather random and the LZSS compressor has little effect. An algorithm was developed which combines the ideas behind LZ77 and LZ78 to produce a hybrid called LZFG. LZFG uses the standard sliding window, but stores the data in a modified trie data structure and produces as output the position of the text in the trie. Since LZFG only inserts complete *phrases* into the dictionary, it should run faster than other LZ77-based compressors. All popular archivers (arj, lha, zip, zoo) are variations on LZ77.
  • lz78 compression — A substitutional compression scheme which works by entering phrases into a dictionary and then, when a reoccurrence of that particular phrase is found, outputting the dictionary index instead of the phrase. Several algorithms are based on this principle, differing mainly in the manner in which they manage the dictionary. The most well-known Lempel-Ziv scheme is Terry Welch's Lempel-Ziv Welch variant of LZ78.
  • macapagal arroyo — Gloria
  • mach's principle — the proposition that there is no absolute space and that the inertia and acceleration of a body are determined by all of the matter of the universe.
  • machine operator — someone who operates mechanical equipment
  • macpherson strut — an automobile suspension-system component that consists of a strut combined with a spring and shock absorber and connects the wheel to the frame of the vehicle.
  • macrolepidoptera — a collector's name for that part of the lepidoptera that comprises the butterflies and the larger moths (noctuids, geometrids, bombycids, springtails, etc): a term without taxonomic significance
  • macrophotography — Photography that is done up close; close-up photography.
  • mad-dog skullcap — a North American skullcap, Scutellaria lateriflora, having underground stems and one-sided clusters of blue to white flowers.
  • magmatic stoping — the process by which country rock is broken up and engulfed by the upward movement of magma
  • magnetic compass — a compass having a magnetized needle generally in line with the magnetic poles of the earth.
  • magnetic pick-up — a type of record player pick-up in which the stylus moves an iron core in a coil, causing a changing magnetic field that produces the current
  • magnetic pyrites — Mineralogy. pyrrhotite.
  • magnetoreceptors — Plural form of magnetoreceptor.
  • majority opinion — an opinion in a case that is shared by more than half of the members of a court
  • make a complaint — If a guest makes a complaint, they express their dissatisfaction with something.
  • make a photocopy — If you make a photocopy of a document, you make a copy of it using a photocopier.
  • make a pitch for — to give verbal support to
  • malapportionment — (of a state or other political unit) poorly apportioned, especially divided, organized, or structured in a manner that prevents large sections of a population from having equitable representation in a legislative body.
  • malchus-porphyry — (Malchus) a.d. c233–c304, Greek philosopher.
  • mallowpuff māori — a Māori who is considered to behave like a white person
  • malpighian layer — the deep, germinative layer of the epidermis.
  • malpractice suit — a lawsuit brought against a professional accused of illegal or unethical practices or neglect of duty
  • mamihlapinatapai — A situation in which all participants want something to be done, but none want to do it.
  • mammographically — Using a mammograph, by means of mammograph.
  • man and superman — a comedy (1903) by G. B. Shaw.
  • man booker prize — an annual prize for a work of Commonwealth or Irish fiction of £50,000, awarded as the Booker Prize from 1969–2002
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