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16-letter words containing n, o, s, c

  • interim accounts — accounts published in the course of the financial year
  • internet society — (body)   (ISOC) A non-profit, professional membership organisation which facilitates and supports the technical evolution of the Internet, stimulates interest in and educates the scientific and academic communities, industry and the public about the technology, uses and applications of the Internet, and promotes the development of new applications for the system. The Society provides a forum for discussion and collaboration in the operation and use of the global Internet infrastructure. The Internet Society publishes a quarterly newsletter, the Internet Society News, and holds an annual conference, INET. The development of Internet technical standards takes place under the auspices of the Internet Society with substantial support from the Corporation for National Research Initiatives under a cooperative agreement with the US Federal Government.
  • intracytoplasmic — Located in the cytoplasm of a cell.
  • intraocular lens — a plastic lens implanted surgically to replace the eye's natural crystalline lens, usually because the natural lens has developed a cataract.
  • intrinsic factor — a glycoprotein, secreted by the gastric mucosa, that is involved in the intestinal absorption of vitamin B 12 .
  • introspectionist — observation or examination of one's own mental and emotional state, mental processes, etc.; the act of looking within oneself.
  • intussusceptions — Plural form of intussusception.
  • inverse cosecant — arc cosecant.
  • inverse function — the function that replaces another function when the dependent and independent variables of the first function are interchanged for an appropriate set of values of the dependent variable. In y = sin x and x = arc sin y, the inverse function of sine is arc sine.
  • it's no accident — You begin a sentence with 'it's no accident' if you want to suggest that something was done deliberately or has a logical explanation, although it might give the impression of having happened by chance.
  • jacobson's organ — either of a pair of blind, tubular, olfactory sacs in the roof of the mouth, vestigial in humans but well-developed in many animals, especially reptiles.
  • jacques bonhomme — the contemptuous title given by the nobles to the peasants in the revolt of the Jacquerie in 1358 and adopted by the peasants in subsequent revolts.
  • job satisfaction — Job satisfaction is the pleasure that you get from doing your job.
  • john of damascus — Saint, a.d. c675–749, priest, theologian, and scholar of the Eastern Church, born in Damascus.
  • josephson effect — a high-speed switch, used in experimental computers, that operates on the basis of a radiative phenomenon (Jo·sephson effect) exhibited by a pair of superconductors separated by a thin insulator.
  • journalistically — of, relating to, or characteristic of journalists or journalism.
  • judaeo-christian — of or relating to the religious writings, beliefs, values, or traditions held in common by Judaism and Christianity.
  • junior's license — a driver's license issued to people under the age of 18
  • jurisdictionally — In a jurisdictional way.
  • kangaroo closure — a form of closure in which the chair or speaker selects certain amendments for discussion and excludes others
  • keep one's place — a particular portion of space, whether of definite or indefinite extent.
  • keratoacanthomas — Plural form of keratoacanthoma.
  • kick one's heels — If you are kicking your heels, you are having to wait around with nothing to do, so that you get bored or impatient.
  • kidney corpuscle — Malpighian corpuscle.
  • knapsack problem — the problem of determining which numbers from a given collection of numbers have been added together to yield a specific sum: used in cryptography to encipher (and sometimes decipher) messages.
  • know one's place — a particular portion of space, whether of definite or indefinite extent.
  • lactovegetarians — Plural form of lactovegetarian.
  • lapsang souchong — a large-leafed variety of China tea with a slightly smoky flavour
  • lattice constant — a parameter, either a measure of length or angle, that defines the size and shape of the unit cell of a crystal lattice.
  • lawson criterion — (in a hypothetical nuclear fusion reactor) the requirement that in order for the energy produced by fusion to exceed the energy expended in causing the fusion, the product of the density of the fuel and the time during which it is confined at that density (Lawson product) must be greater than a certain number that depends on the kind of fuel used.
  • league champions — the team that has come top of the league
  • learning process — a process of learning
  • leave of absence — permission to be absent from duty, employment, service, etc.; leave.
  • leconte de lisle — Charles Marie [sharl ma-ree] /ʃarl maˈri/ (Show IPA), 1818–94, French poet.
  • lick one's chops — Usually, chops. the jaw.
  • liebig condenser — a laboratory condenser consisting of a glass tube surrounded by a glass envelope through which cooling water flows
  • line composition — type produced on a linecaster
  • linguistic stock — a parent language and all its derived dialects and languages.
  • logical constant — one of the connectives of a given system of formal logic, esp those of the sentential calculus, not, and, or, and if … then …
  • long-tail claims — Long-tail claims are claims that are made or settled a long time after the insurance policy has expired.
  • loose connection — an imperfect electrical connection, as in a plug or car engine
  • lose one's voice — If you lose your voice, you cannot speak for a while because of an illness.
  • louisiana french — French as spoken in Louisiana; Cajun. Abbreviation: LaF.
  • lourenco marques — former name of Maputo.
  • low-carbon steel — steel containing between 0.04 and 0.25 per cent carbon
  • luminosity class — a classification of stars of a given spectral type according to their luminosity, breaking them down into dwarfs, giants, and supergiants.
  • lz77 compression — The first algorithm to use the Lempel-Ziv substitutional compression schemes, proposed in 1977. LZ77 compression keeps track of the last n bytes of data seen, and when a phrase is encountered that has already been seen, it outputs a pair of values corresponding to the position of the phrase in the previously-seen buffer of data, and the length of the phrase. In effect the compressor moves a fixed-size "window" over the data (generally referred to as a "sliding window"), with the position part of the (position, length) pair referring to the position of the phrase within the window. The most commonly used algorithms are derived from the LZSS scheme described by James Storer and Thomas Szymanski in 1982. In this the compressor maintains a window of size N bytes and a "lookahead buffer", the contents of which it tries to find a match for in the window: while (lookAheadBuffer not empty) { get a pointer (position, match) to the longest match in the window for the lookahead buffer; if (length > MINIMUM_MATCH_LENGTH) { output a (position, length) pair; shift the window length characters along; } else { output the first character in the lookahead buffer; shift the window 1 character along; } } Decompression is simple and fast: whenever a (POSITION, LENGTH) pair is encountered, go to that POSITION in the window and copy LENGTH bytes to the output. Sliding-window-based schemes can be simplified by numbering the input text characters mod N, in effect creating a circular buffer. The sliding window approach automatically creates the LRU effect which must be done explicitly in LZ78 schemes. Variants of this method apply additional compression to the output of the LZSS compressor, which include a simple variable-length code (LZB), dynamic Huffman coding (LZH), and Shannon-Fano coding (ZIP 1.x), all of which result in a certain degree of improvement over the basic scheme, especially when the data are rather random and the LZSS compressor has little effect. An algorithm was developed which combines the ideas behind LZ77 and LZ78 to produce a hybrid called LZFG. LZFG uses the standard sliding window, but stores the data in a modified trie data structure and produces as output the position of the text in the trie. Since LZFG only inserts complete *phrases* into the dictionary, it should run faster than other LZ77-based compressors. All popular archivers (arj, lha, zip, zoo) are variations on LZ77.
  • lz78 compression — A substitutional compression scheme which works by entering phrases into a dictionary and then, when a reoccurrence of that particular phrase is found, outputting the dictionary index instead of the phrase. Several algorithms are based on this principle, differing mainly in the manner in which they manage the dictionary. The most well-known Lempel-Ziv scheme is Terry Welch's Lempel-Ziv Welch variant of LZ78.
  • macpherson strut — an automobile suspension-system component that consists of a strut combined with a spring and shock absorber and connects the wheel to the frame of the vehicle.
  • macro-linguistic — a field of study concerned with language in its broadest sense and including cultural and behavioral features associated with language.
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