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16-letter words containing e, m, r

  • j. random hacker — (jargon)   /J rand'm hak'r/ MIT jargon for a mythical figure; the archetypal hacker nerd. This may originally have been inspired by "J. Fred Muggs", a show-biz chimpanzee whose name was a household word back in the early days of TMRC, and was probably influenced by J. Presper Eckert (one of the co-inventors of the electronic computer). See random, Suzie COBOL.
  • james oglethorpe — James Edward, 1696–1785, British general: founder of the colony of Georgia.
  • jerusalem cherry — an Old World plant, Solanum pseudocapsicum, of the nightshade family, having white flowers and bearing cherrylike scarlet or yellow fruits, cultivated as an ornamental.
  • joachim of fiore — ?1132–1202 ad, Italian mystic and philosopher, best known for teaching that history can be divided into three ages, those of the Father, Son, and Holy Ghost
  • job entry system — (operating system)   (JES) An IBM mainframe term. There are really two JESs. JES2 is smaller and simpler, and can handle 99.99% of most jobs that run on IBM's MVS operating system. JES3 is much bigger and requires really big iron to run.
  • job's comforters — a person who unwittingly or maliciously depresses or discourages someone while attempting to be consoling.
  • journeyman baker — a baker who is qualified to work in the employment of another
  • juvenile hormone — any of a class of insect and plant hormones acting to inhibit the molting of a juvenile insect into its adult form.
  • kamerlingh onnes — Heike [hahy-kuh] /ˈhaɪ kə/ (Show IPA), 1853–1926, Dutch physicist: Nobel Prize 1913.
  • kamerlingh-onnes — Heike (ˈhaɪkə). 1853–1926, Dutch physicist: a pioneer of the physics of low-temperature materials and discoverer (1911) of superconductivity. Nobel prize for physics 1913
  • karelian isthmus — a narrow strip of land between Lake Ladoga and the Gulf of Finland, in the NW Russian Federation.
  • kekule's formula — the structural formula of benzene represented as a hexagonal ring with alternate single and double bonds between the carbon atoms.
  • keratoacanthomas — Plural form of keratoacanthoma.
  • keyman insurance — life insurance taken out by a business firm on an essential or very important employee, with the firm as beneficiary.
  • kilogram calorie — kilocalorie.
  • king's messenger — a person whose job is to deliver the King's messages and to bring messages to him
  • kingdom of arles — a kingdom in SE France which had dissolved by 1378: known as the Kingdom of Burgundy until about 1200
  • kleptoparasitism — The parasitic theft of captured prey, nest material, etc. from animals of the same or another species.
  • knapsack problem — the problem of determining which numbers from a given collection of numbers have been added together to yield a specific sum: used in cryptography to encipher (and sometimes decipher) messages.
  • labour agreement — a contract between workers and managers setting out working conditions, wages, etc
  • land-poor farmer — a farmer who owns much unprofitable land and lacks the money to maintain its fertility or improve it
  • landed immigrant — foreigner: permanent resident
  • laodicea ad mare — the chief port of Syria, in the northwest: tobacco industry. Pop: 486 000 (2005 est) (Latin name)
  • lateral meristem — meristem located along the sides of a part, as a stem or root.
  • lay intermediary — a layperson who is interposed between a lawyer and client to prevent the existence of a direct relationship between them.
  • learner's permit — A learner's permit is a license that allows you to drive a vehicle before you have passed your driving test.
  • leasehold reform — reform of the law relating to leasehold property
  • legal department — the department that deals with legal matters
  • letter of marque — license or commission granted by a state to a private citizen to capture and confiscate the merchant ships of another nation.
  • lever escapement — an escapement in which a pivoted lever, made to oscillate by the escape wheel, engages a balance staff and causes it to oscillate.
  • liberal democrat — In Britain, a Liberal Democrat is a member of the Liberal Democrat Party.
  • light microscope — microscope (def 1).
  • limited monarchy — a monarchy that is limited by laws and a constitution.
  • limited-monarchy — a limited train, bus, etc.
  • lines per minute — (unit)   (lpm) A unit used to measure line printer throughput.
  • lithium chloride — a white, water-soluble, deliquescent, crystalline solid, LiCl, used chiefly in the manufacture of mineral water, especially lithia water, and as a flux in metallurgy.
  • lithium fluoride — a fine, white, slightly water-soluble powder, LiF, used chiefly in the manufacture of ceramics.
  • lithium stearate — a white, crystalline, slightly water-soluble powder, LiC 18 H 35 O 2 , used chiefly in cosmetics, in plastics, and as a lubricant in powder metallurgy.
  • little green men — a humorous way to refer to aliens
  • local government — the administration of the civic affairs of a city, town, or district by its inhabitants rather than by the state or country at large.
  • long-term memory — information stored in the brain and retrievable over a long period of time, often over the entire life span of the individual (contrasted with short-term memory).
  • lord chamberlain — (in Britain) the chief official of the royal household
  • lose your memory — If you lose your memory, you forget things that you used to know.
  • lourenco marques — former name of Maputo.
  • lumberjack shirt — a thick checked shirt, as worn by lumberjacks
  • lz77 compression — The first algorithm to use the Lempel-Ziv substitutional compression schemes, proposed in 1977. LZ77 compression keeps track of the last n bytes of data seen, and when a phrase is encountered that has already been seen, it outputs a pair of values corresponding to the position of the phrase in the previously-seen buffer of data, and the length of the phrase. In effect the compressor moves a fixed-size "window" over the data (generally referred to as a "sliding window"), with the position part of the (position, length) pair referring to the position of the phrase within the window. The most commonly used algorithms are derived from the LZSS scheme described by James Storer and Thomas Szymanski in 1982. In this the compressor maintains a window of size N bytes and a "lookahead buffer", the contents of which it tries to find a match for in the window: while (lookAheadBuffer not empty) { get a pointer (position, match) to the longest match in the window for the lookahead buffer; if (length > MINIMUM_MATCH_LENGTH) { output a (position, length) pair; shift the window length characters along; } else { output the first character in the lookahead buffer; shift the window 1 character along; } } Decompression is simple and fast: whenever a (POSITION, LENGTH) pair is encountered, go to that POSITION in the window and copy LENGTH bytes to the output. Sliding-window-based schemes can be simplified by numbering the input text characters mod N, in effect creating a circular buffer. The sliding window approach automatically creates the LRU effect which must be done explicitly in LZ78 schemes. Variants of this method apply additional compression to the output of the LZSS compressor, which include a simple variable-length code (LZB), dynamic Huffman coding (LZH), and Shannon-Fano coding (ZIP 1.x), all of which result in a certain degree of improvement over the basic scheme, especially when the data are rather random and the LZSS compressor has little effect. An algorithm was developed which combines the ideas behind LZ77 and LZ78 to produce a hybrid called LZFG. LZFG uses the standard sliding window, but stores the data in a modified trie data structure and produces as output the position of the text in the trie. Since LZFG only inserts complete *phrases* into the dictionary, it should run faster than other LZ77-based compressors. All popular archivers (arj, lha, zip, zoo) are variations on LZ77.
  • lz78 compression — A substitutional compression scheme which works by entering phrases into a dictionary and then, when a reoccurrence of that particular phrase is found, outputting the dictionary index instead of the phrase. Several algorithms are based on this principle, differing mainly in the manner in which they manage the dictionary. The most well-known Lempel-Ziv scheme is Terry Welch's Lempel-Ziv Welch variant of LZ78.
  • mach's principle — the proposition that there is no absolute space and that the inertia and acceleration of a body are determined by all of the matter of the universe.
  • machine learning — The ability of a machine to improve its performance based on previous results.
  • machine operator — someone who operates mechanical equipment
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