27-letter words containing s, p, e, n, c
- (can't) put a price on sthg — If you say that you cannot put a price on something, you mean that it is very valuable.
- address resolution protocol — (networking, protocol) (ARP) A method for finding a host's Ethernet address from its Internet address. The sender broadcasts an ARP packet containing the Internet address of another host and waits for it (or some other host) to send back its Ethernet address. Each host maintains a cache of address translations to reduce delay and loading. ARP allows the Internet address to be independent of the Ethernet address but it only works if all hosts support it. ARP is defined in RFC 826. The alternative for hosts that do not do ARP is constant mapping. See also proxy ARP, reverse ARP.
- american depositary receipt — a receipt representing foreign shares of stock held on deposit in an American bank: receipts are denominated in U.S. dollars and traded on American exchanges
- american depository receipt — a negotiable receipt similar to a stock certificate, registered in the owner's name and showing ownership of shares in a foreign company, held by a foreign branch of a U.S. bank or its overseas correspondent bank.
- application service element — (networking) (ASE) Software in the presentation layer of the OSI seven layer model which provides an abstracted interface layer to service application protocol data units (APDU). Because applications and networks vary, ASEs are split into common services and specific services. Examples of services provided by the common application service element (CASE) include remote operations (ROSE) and database concurrency control and recovery (CCR). The specific application service element (SASE) provides more specialised services such as file transfer, database access, and order entry.
- aspect-oriented programming — (programming) (AOP) A style of programming that attempts to abstract out features common to many parts of the code beyond simple functional modules and thereby improve the quality of software. Mechanisms for defining and composing abstractions are essential elements of programming languages. The design style supported by the abstraction mechanisms of most current languages is one of breaking a system down into parameterised components that can be called upon to perform a function. But many systems have properties that don't necessarily align with the system's functional components, such as failure handling, persistence, communication, replication, coordination, memory management, or real-time constraints, and tend to cut across groups of functional components. While they can be thought about and analysed relatively separately from the basic functionality, programming them using current component-oriented languages tends to result in these aspects being spread throughout the code. The source code becomes a tangled mess of instructions for different purposes. This "tangling" phenomenon is at the heart of much needless complexity in existing software systems. A number of researchers have begun working on approaches to this problem that allow programmers to express each of a system's aspects of concern in a separate and natural form, and then automatically combine those separate descriptions into a final executable form. These approaches have been called aspect-oriented programming.
- audio processing technology — (company) (APT) A company that produces codecs based on predictive analysis rather than frequency coding.
- australian bluebell creeper — an evergreen twining shrub, Sollya heterophylla, of western Australia, having nodding blue flowers in terminal clusters.
- balance of payments deficit — a situation in which imports of goods, services, investment income and transfers exceed the exports of goods, services, investment income and transfers.
- bashkir autonomous republic — an autonomous republic in the Russian Federation in Europe. 55,430 sq. mi. (143,600 sq. km). Capital: Ufa.
- be as american as apple pie — If you say that something is as American as apple pie, you mean that it is typically American.
- block transfer computations — (algorithm, humour) (From the UK television series "Dr. Who") Computations so fiendishly subtle and complex that they could not be performed by machines. Used to refer to any task that should be expressible as an algorithm in theory, but isn't.
- central provinces and berar — a former province of central India: renamed Madhya Pradesh in 1950, Berar being transferred to Maharashtra in 1956
- champagne corks are popping — people are celebrating
- chuvash autonomous republic — an autonomous republic in the Russian Federation in Europe. 7064 sq. mi. (18,300 sq. km). Capital: Cheboksary.
- civilian conservation corps — CCC.
- committee of correspondence — an intercolonial committee organized 1772 by Samuel Adams in Massachusetts to keep colonists informed of British anticolonial actions and to plan colonial resistance or countermeasures.
- component based development — (programming) (CBD) The creation, integration, and re-use of components of program code, each of which has a common interface for use by multiple systems.
- compression-ignition engine — a type of internal-combustion engine, such as a diesel, in which ignition occurs as a result of the rise in temperature caused by compression of the mixture in the cylinder
- condensation polymerization — the act or process of forming a polymer or polymeric compound.
- continuous-expansion engine — a steam engine in which a high-pressure cylinder is partly exhausted into a low-pressure cylinder during each stroke.
- convertible preferred stock — preferred stock that can be exchanged for a fixed number of shares of the common stock of the issuing company at the holder's option.
- customer service department — a department of a company concerned with customer service
- digital express group, inc. — (Digex) The largest Internet provider in the Washington metropolitan area with POPs in Maryland, Virginia, New Jersey, New York and California.
- distributed data processing — a method of organizing data processing that uses a central computer in combination with smaller local computers or terminals, which communicate with the central computer and perhaps with one another.
- duchenne muscular dystrophy — a common hereditary form of muscular dystrophy, usually affecting young males, characterized by the severe weakening of the skeletal muscles, esp. the respiratory muscles
- electrostatic precipitation — the removal of suspended solid particles from a gas by giving them an electric charge and attracting them to charged plates
- enterprise allowance scheme — (formerly in Britain) a scheme to provide a weekly allowance to an unemployed person who wishes to set up a business and is willing to invest a specified amount in it during its first year
- european broadcasting union — a union of 75 broadcasting organisations from 56 (mainly European) countries and which is responsible for the production of programmes such as the Eurovision Song Contest and the FIFA World Cup
- familiarity breeds contempt — Familiarity is used especially in the expression familiarity breeds contempt to say that if you know a person or situation very well, you can easily lose respect for that person or become careless in that situation.
- feast of st. peter's chains — a former festival in England, held on August 1, in which bread made from the first harvest of corn was blessed.
- floating-point specbaserate — SPECrate_base_fp92
- graphics interchange format — (graphics, file format) /gif/, occasionally /jif/ (GIF, GIF 89A) A standard for digitised images compressed with the LZW algorithm, defined in 1987 by CompuServe (CIS). Graphics Interchange Format and GIF are service marks of CompuServe Incorporated. This only affects use of GIF within Compuserve, and pass-through licensing for software to access them, it doesn't affect anyone else's use of GIF. It followed from a 1994 legal action by Unisys against CIS for violating Unisys's LZW software patent. The CompuServe Vice President has stated that "CompuServe is committed to keeping the GIF 89A specification as an open, fully-supported, non-proprietary specification for the entire on-line community including the web". See also progressive coding, animated GIF.
- hand-held personal computer — palmtop
- health and safety inspector — a person who inspects workplaces, to check that they do not pose dangers to workers
- high performance serial bus — (hardware, standard) (Or "IEEE 1394") A 1995 Macintosh/IBM PC serial bus interface standard offering isochronous real-time data transfer. 1394 can transfer data between a computer and its peripherals at 100, 200, or 400 Mbps, with a planed increase to 2 Gbps. Cable length is limited to 4.5 m but up to 16 cables can be daisy-chained yielding a total length of 72 m. It can daisy-chain together up to 63 peripherals in a tree-like structure (as opposed to SCSI's linear structure). It allows peer-to-peer communication, e.g. between a scanner and a printer, without using system memory or the CPU. It is designed to support plug-and-play and hot swapping. Its six-wire cable is not only more convenient than SCSI cables but can supply up to 60 watts of power, allowing low-consumption devices to operate without a separate power cord. Some expensive camcorders included this bus from 1995. It is expected to be used to carry SCSI, with possible application to home automation using repeaters. See also Universal Serial Bus, FC-AL.
- high speed serial interface — (hardware, communications) (HSSI) A serial port which supports serial transmit speeds of up to 52 megabits per second. It is typically used for leased lines such as DS3 (44.736 Mbps) and E3 (34 Mbps) and for Wide Area Network devices such as routers.
- hypergeometric distribution — a system of probabilities associated with finding a specified number of elements, as 5 white balls, from a given number of elements, as 10 balls, chosen from a set containing 2 kinds of elements of known quantity, as 15 white balls and 20 black balls.
- hypertext transfer protocol — (protocol) (HTTP) The client-server TCP/IP protocol used on the web for the exchange of HTML documents. It conventionally uses port 80. See also Uniform Resource Locator.
- importance of being earnest — a comedy (1895) by Oscar Wilde.
- in the pit of one's stomach — If you have a feeling in the pit of your stomach, you have a tight or sick feeling in your stomach, usually because you are afraid or anxious.
- income protection insurance — Income protection insurance is a type of health insurance that compensates someone for part of the income that they lose because of illness or injury that prevents them from working.
- infectious canine hepatitis — a disease of dogs caused by an adenovirus and characterized by signs of liver disease
- inter-process communication — (programming, operating system) (IPC) Exchange of data between one process and another, either within the same computer or over a network. It implies a protocol that guarantees a response to a request. Examples are Unix sockets, RISC OS's messages, OS/2's Named Pipes, Microsoft Windows' DDE, Novell's SPX and Macintosh's IAC. Although IPC is performed automatically by programs, an analogous function can be performed interactively when users cut and paste data from one process to another using a clipboard.
- interface message processor — (networking) (IMP) The original message switching node on the ARPANET.
- international space station — an orbiting space station construction of which began in 2001 with the cooperation of 16 nations; used for scientific and space research
- internet protocol version 4 — (networking, protocol) The version of Internet Protocol in widespread use in 2000.
- internet protocol version 6 — (networking, protocol) (IPv6, IPng, IP next generation) The most viable candidate to replace the current Internet Protocol. The primary purpose of IPv6 is to solve the problem of the shortage of IP addresses. The following features have been purposed: 16-byte addresses instead of the current four bytes; embedded encryption - a 32-bit Security Association ID (SAID) plus a variable length initialisation vector in packet headers; user authentication (a 32-bit SAID plus variable length authentication data in headers); autoconfiguration (currently partly handled by Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol); support for delay-sensitive traffic - a 24 bit flow ID field in headers to denote voice or video, etc. One possible solution is based on the TUBA protocol (RFC 1347, 1526, 1561) which is itself based on the OSI Connectionless Network Protocol (CNLP). Another is TP/IX (RFC 1475) which changes TCP and UDP headers to give a 64-bit IP address, a 32-bit port number, and a 64-bit sequence number.
- interpretive menu processor — (language) (IMP) The language used to implement much of the user interface of the Alis office automation package from Applix, Inc.
- law of definite composition — Chemistry. the statement that in a pure compound the elements are always combined in fixed proportions by weight.
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