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21-letter words containing r, i, o, t

  • data set organization — (operating system, storage)   (DSORG) An IBM term for file structure. These include PS physical sequential, DA direct access, IS indexed sequential, PO partitioned (a library). This system dates from OS/360, and breaks down beginning with VSAM and VTAM, where it is no longer applied. Sequential and indexed data sets can be accessed using either a "basic" or a "queued" "access method." For example a DSORG=PS file can use either BSAM (basic sequential access method) or QSAM (queued sequential access method). It can also be processed as a direct file using BDAM. Likewise a library can be processed using BPAM (basic partitioned access method), BSAM, QSAM, or BDAM. DSORG and access method are somewhat, but not completely, orthogonal. The "basic" access method deals with physical blocks rather than records, and usually provides more control over the specific device. Each I/O operation using the "basic" access method reads or writes a single block. A "basic" read or write starts an asynchronous I/O operation, and the programmer is responsible for waiting for completion and checking for errors. The "queued" access method deals with logical records and provides blocking and deblocking services. It is "queued" because it provides read-ahead and write-behind services. While a program is processing records in one input block, for example, QSAM may be reading one or more blocks ahead. Queued "get" or "put" operations are synchronous as far as the programmer is concerned. The operation is complete when the next logical record has been successfully processed. EXCP (Execute Channel Program) is a lower-level method of accessing data. IBM manuals usually named "Data Administration Guide", e.g. SC26-4505-1 for MVS/ESA DFP 3.1, provide more detail about data set organizations and access methods.
  • dataflow architecture — a means of arranging computer data processing in which operations are governed by the data present and the processing it requires rather than by a prewritten program that awaits data to be processed
  • datamatic corporation — Honeywell
  • defender of the faith — the title conferred upon Henry VIII by Pope Leo X in 1521 in recognition of the King's pamphlet attacking Luther's doctrines and retained by subsequent monarchs of England
  • degradation of energy — the principle that during any irreversible process the total energy available to do work decreases.
  • democratic centralism — the Leninist principle that policy should be decided centrally by officials, who are nominally democratically elected
  • department of justice — the department of the U.S. federal government charged with the responsibility for the enforcement of federal laws. Abbreviation: DOJ.
  • deployment descriptor — (programming)   (DD) A J2EE configuration file.
  • deprovincialization's — to make provincial in character.
  • detoxification centre — a place that specializes in the treatment of alcoholism or drug addiction
  • dew-point temperature — the temperature to which air must be cooled, at a given pressure and water-vapor content, for it to reach saturation; the temperature at which dew begins to form.
  • diapason normal pitch — a standard of pitch in which A above middle C is established at 435 vibrations per second.
  • dictionary definition — the meaning of a word as given in a dictionary or dictionaries
  • differential equation — an equation involving differentials or derivatives.
  • differential geometry — the branch of mathematics that deals with the application of the principles of differential and integral calculus to the study of curves and surfaces.
  • differential operator — a function, usually expressed as a polynomial, that indicates linear combinations of the derivatives of the expression on which it operates.
  • differential quotient — derivative (def 6).
  • differential topology — the branch of topology that studies the properties of differentiable manifolds that remain invariant under diffeomorphisms.
  • differential-quotient — something that has been derived.
  • disassortative mating — the reproductive pairing of individuals that have traits more dissimilar than would likely be the case if mating were random (contrasted with assortative mating).
  • discretionary account — an account in which the stockbroker is allowed complete control over the purchase and sale of securities on the customer's behalf.
  • discriminant function — a linear function of measurements of different properties of an object or event that is used to assign the object or event to one population or another (discriminant analysis)
  • disk operating system — DOS.
  • disruptive technology — A disruptive technology is a new technology, such as computers and the Internet, which has a rapid and major effect on technologies that existed before.
  • dissociative disorder — a mental disorder, as multiple personality, characterized by sudden temporary alteration in consciousness, identity, or motor behavior.
  • distinctiveness ratio — the ratio of the relative frequency of some event in a given sample to that in the general population or another relevant sample
  • distributed processes — (DP) The first concurrent language based on remote procedure calls.
  • distribution function — (of any random variable) the function that assigns to each number the probability that the random variable takes a value less than or equal to the given number.
  • distributive property — Mathematics. the property that terms in an expression may be expanded in a particular way to form an equivalent expression.
  • divine right of kings — the doctrine that the right of rule derives directly from God, not from the consent of the people.
  • double predestination — the doctrine that God has foreordained both those who will be saved and those who will be damned.
  • double spanish burton — a tackle having one standing block and two running blocks, giving a mechanical advantage of five, neglecting friction.
  • drop the handkerchief — a children's game in which all the players but one stand in a circle facing inward, while that one player stealthily drops a handkerchief behind a player in the circle who must pursue and attempt to catch the one who dropped the handkerchief before the latter reaches the vacated place.
  • earthmoving equipment — machines, such as bulldozers, that are used for excavating and moving large quantities of earth
  • easier said than done — difficult to do
  • eastern european time — a standard time used by some countries in Eastern Europe, such as Finland, Romania, etc and also some countries of the Middle East and North Africa
  • eccles-jordan circuit — flip-flop
  • electric polarization — Electric polarization is the type of polarization of electricity that occurs in a dielectric.
  • electromagnetic field — a field of force associated with a moving electric charge equivalent to an electric field and a magnetic field at right angles to each other and to the direction of propagation
  • electromagnetic pulse — a surge of electromagnetic radiation, esp one resulting from a nuclear explosion, which can disrupt electronic devices and, occasionally, larger structures and equipment
  • electromyographically — By means of, or in terms of, electromyography.
  • electronic publishing — Electronic publishing is the publishing of documents in a form that can be read on a computer, for example as a CD-ROM.
  • electronic typewriter — a keyboard machine for writing electromechanically in characters resembling print
  • emitter coupled logic — (ECL) (Or "Current Mode Logic") A technology for building logic gates where the emitter of a transistor is used as the output rather than its collector. ECL has a propagation time of 0.5 - 2 ns (faster than TTL) and a power dissipation 3 - 10 times higher than TTL.
  • emotional correctness — pressure on an individual to be seen to feel the same emotion as others
  • empirical probability — a measure or estimate of the degree of confidence one may have in the occurrence of an event, defined as the proportion observed in a sample
  • employee contribution — money contributed by an employee to his or her employer's pension fund
  • employer contribution — money contributed by an employer to his or her employee's pension fund
  • endoplasmic reticulum — an extensive intracellular membrane system whose functions include synthesis and transport of lipids and, in regions where ribosomes are attached, of proteins
  • enharmonic modulation — a change of key achieved by regarding a note in one key as an equivalent note in another. Thus E flat in the key of A flat could be regarded as D sharp in the key of B major
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