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19-letter words containing p, a, i, n

  • genetic programming — (programming)   (GP) A programming technique which extends the genetic algorithm to the domain of whole computer programs. In GP, populations of programs are genetically bred to solve problems. Genetic programming can solve problems of system identification, classification, control, robotics, optimisation, game playing, and pattern recognition. Starting with a primordial ooze of hundreds or thousands of randomly created programs composed of functions and terminals appropriate to the problem, the population is progressively evolved over a series of generations by applying the operations of Darwinian fitness proportionate reproduction and crossover (sexual recombination).
  • gentleman-pensioner — (formerly) a gentleman-at-arms.
  • geocentric parallax — the apparent displacement of an observed object due to a change in the position of the observer.
  • gigabits per second — (unit)   (Gbps) A unit of information transfer rate equal to one billion bits per second. Note that, while a gigabit is defined as a power of two (2^30 bits), a gigabit per second is defined as a power of ten (10^9 bits per second, which is slightly less) than 2^30).
  • give a person a fit — to surprise a person in an outrageous manner
  • go jump in the lake — a body of fresh or salt water of considerable size, surrounded by land.
  • grade point average — a measure of scholastic attainment computed by dividing the total number of grade points received by the total number of credits or hours of course work taken.
  • graphic workstation — (graphics, computer)   A workstation specifically configured for graphics works such as image manipulation, bitmap graphics ("paint"), and vector graphics ("draw") type applications. Such work requires a powerful CPU and a high resolution display. A graphic workstation is very similar to a CAD workstation and, given the typical specifications of personal computers currently available in 1999, the distinctions are very blurred and are more likely to depend on availability of specific software than any detailed hardware requirements.
  • gregorian telescope — a telescope similar in design to the Cassegrainian telescope but less widely used.
  • grievance procedure — the established series of steps to be taken in dealing with a grievance raised with an employer by an employee
  • gross profit margin — A gross profit margin is a measure of the profitability of a company, that is calculated by dividing gross profit by net sales.
  • grosse pointe farms — a city in SE Michigan, near Detroit.
  • ground-plane aerial — a quarter-wave vertical dipole aerial in which the electrical image forming the other quarter-wave section is formed by reflection in a system of radially disposed metal rods or in a conductive sheet
  • gulf of carpentaria — a shallow inlet of the Arafura Sea, in N Australia between Arnhem Land and Cape York Peninsula
  • hamiltonian problem — (computability)   (Or "Hamilton's problem") A problem in graph theory posed by William Hamilton: given a graph, is there a path through the graph which visits each vertex precisely once (a "Hamiltonian path")? Is there a Hamiltonian path which ends up where it started (a "Hamiltonian cycle" or "Hamiltonian tour")? Hamilton's problem is NP-complete. It has numerous applications, sometimes completely unexpected, in computing.
  • hang on the lips of — to listen to with close attention
  • harbinger-of-spring — a North American umbelliferous herb, Erigenia bulbosa, having white flowers that bloom early in the spring.
  • have a bone to pick — to have grounds for a quarrel
  • health professional — a person trained to work in any field of physical or mental health.
  • hepatic portal vein — a vein connecting two capillary networks in the liver
  • heptachlorobiphenyl — (organic compound) Either of twenty-four isomers of the polychlorinated biphenyl containing seven chlorine atoms.
  • hexafluoroplatinate — (chemistry) The univalent anion PtF6- prepared by reacting platinum hexafluoride with certain metals or other elements.
  • highways department — the department of a state, council, etc, responsible for the upkeep of roads and highways
  • hop, skip, and jump — a short distance
  • horseshoe whipsnake — a long slender fast-moving nonvenomous snake, Coluber hippocrepis, of Eurasia
  • huffing and puffing — empty threats or objections; bluster
  • hydropneumatization — utilization of air pressure in the housing of a water turbine to keep the level of water that has been used from rising to interfere with the rotor blades.
  • hyper-nationalistic — a person devoted to nationalism.
  • hyperbolic cosecant — a hyperbolic function that is the reciprocal of hyperbolic sine
  • hyperfocal distance — the distance, at a given f number, between a camera lens and the nearest point (hyperfocal point) having satisfactory definition when focused at infinity.
  • hypolipoproteinemia — An abnormally low level of lipoprotein in the blood.
  • hypomixolydian mode — a plagal church mode represented on the white keys of a keyboard instrument by an ascending scale from D to D, with the final on G.
  • hysterosalpingogram — An X-ray image taken during hysterosalpingography.
  • idea of pure reason — any of the three undemonstrable entities (a personal soul, a cosmos, and a supreme being) implicit in the fact of a subject and an object of knowledge, and in the need for some principle uniting them.
  • immunoprecipitation — the separation of an antigen from a solution by the formation of a large complex with its specific antibody.
  • imperative language — (language)   Any programming language that specifies explicit manipulation of the state of the computer system, not to be confused with a procedural language, which specifies an explicit sequence of steps to perform. An example of an imperative (but non-procedural) language is a data manipulation language for a relational database management system. This specifies changes to the database but does not necessarily require anyone to specify a sequence of steps. Both contrast with declarative languages, which specify neither explicit state manipulation nor a sequence of steps.
  • imperial preference — a proposed system whereby free trade and levelled tariffs would exist between nations belonging to the British Commonwealth, in order to increase the prosperity of and unity between these nation
  • imperial presidency — a U.S. presidency that is characterized by greater power than the Constitution allows.
  • impressionistically — In an impressionistic manner.
  • in particular terms — If you say something in particular terms, you say it using a particular type or level of language or using language which clearly shows your attitude.
  • in the hope of/that — If you do one thing in the hope of another thing happening, you do it because you think it might cause or help the other thing to happen, which is what you want.
  • in the second place — secondly
  • incidental expenses — costs outside those budgeted
  • incomplete abortion — a miscarriage in which some fetal or placental tissue remains in the uterus.
  • incomplete fracture — a fracture extending partly across the bone.
  • incremental plotter — a device that plots graphs on paper from computer-generated instructions
  • index expurgatorius — a list of books now included in the Index Librorum Prohibitorum, forbidden to be read except from expurgated editions.
  • indian paint fungus — a common woody hoof-shaped fungus, Echinodontium tinctorium, found on conifers in western North America and believed to have been used as a dye by Pacific Northwest Indians.
  • industrial capacity — the amount of resources (workforce, factories, etc) present in a place that will enable an industry or industries to produce goods
  • infantile paralysis — poliomyelitis.
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