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14-letter words containing o, p, e, r

  • processor farm — (computer, parallel)   A parallel processor where tasks are distributed, or "farmed out", by one "farmer" processor to several "worker" processors, and results are sent back to the farmer. This arrangement is suitable for applications which can be partitioned into many separate, independent tasks, the canonical examples being ray tracing and the Mandelbrot set. In order to be efficient, the extra time spent on communications must be small compared to the time spent processing each task.
  • processor time — (software)   The amount of time a process takes to run, given that it has exclusive and uninterrupted use of the CPU. Note that in a modern computer, this would be very unusual, and so the processor time calculation for most processes involves adding up all the small amounts of time the CPU actually spends on the process. Some systems break processor time down into user time and system time. Compare wall clock time.
  • procrastinated — to defer action; delay: to procrastinate until an opportunity is lost.
  • producer goods — goods, such as raw materials and machines, that are used in producing other goods
  • productiveness — having the power of producing; generative; creative: a productive effort.
  • productivities — the quality, state, or fact of being able to generate, create, enhance, or bring forth goods and services: The productivity of the group's effort surprised everyone.
  • professionally — following an occupation as a means of livelihood or for gain: a professional builder.
  • profit squeeze — a sharp narrowing of the gap between cost and revenue.
  • profit-seeking — attempting to make a profit or financial gains
  • progametangium — Mycology. the hyphal tip of certain fungi that produces the gametangium and subsequent gamete.
  • progenitorship — parenthood; the position of being a progenitor
  • progestational — prepared for pregnancy, as the lining of the uterus prior to menstruation or in the early stages of gestation itself; progravid.
  • programme note — A programme note is an article written in a programme for a play or concert, which gives information about the performance or production.
  • progress board — a department of an organization, company, etc, that oversees and ensures progress, advance or development
  • progressionary — relating to progression
  • progressionism — a person who believes in progress, as of humankind or society.
  • progressionist — a person who believes in progress, as of humankind or society.
  • progressivists — the principles and practices of progressives.
  • project athena — (project)   A distributed system project for support of educational and research computing at MIT. Much of the software developed is now in wider use, especially the X Window System.
  • project leader — leader of a task or programme
  • projectisation — the direction of aid to developing countries towards a specific project, without regard to wider issues or needs
  • projectization — the direction of aid to developing countries towards a specific project, without regard to wider issues or needs
  • proletarianism — the practices, attitudes, or social status of a proletarian.
  • proletarianize — to convert or transform into a member or members of the proletariat: to proletarianize the middle class.
  • promenade deck — an upper deck or part of a deck on a passenger ship where passengers can stroll, often covered with a light shade deck.
  • promenade tile — a machine-made, unglazed, ceramic floor tile.
  • promethea moth — a silkworm moth, Callosamia promethea, having reddish-brown wings, each with a border of white or yellow, the larvae of which feed on spicebush and other lauraceous plants.
  • prominent moth — any moth of the family Notodontidae characterized by tufts of scales on the back edge of the forewing that stand up prominently at rest and give the group its name. It includes the puss moth and buff-tip as well as those with prominent in the name
  • pronunciamento — a proclamation; manifesto; edict.
  • proof positive — To be proof positive of a particular fact or quality means to be evidence that it is true or that it exists.
  • propaedeutical — relating to preliminary instruction; introductory
  • propeller head — Slang. a person who is obsessively devoted to an especially technical pursuit.
  • propeller wash — the backwash from a propeller.
  • propenoic acid — systematic name of acrylic acid
  • propenyl group — a univalent group derived from propylene, CH 3 CH=CH−.
  • property owner — sb who owns a building or land
  • property right — a legal right to or in a particular property.
  • propjet engine — turbo-propeller engine.
  • proportionable — being in due proportion; proportional.
  • proportionless — lacking proportion; disproportionate
  • proportionment — the act of proportioning.
  • proprietorship — the owner of a business establishment, a hotel, etc.
  • proprioception — perception governed by proprioceptors, as awareness of the position of one's body.
  • proprioceptive — pertaining to proprioceptors, the stimuli acting upon them, or the nerve impulses initiated by them.
  • prosencephalon — the forebrain.
  • prostate gland — an organ that surrounds the urethra of males at the base of the bladder, comprising a muscular portion, which controls the release of urine, and a glandular portion, which secretes an alkaline fluid that makes up part of the semen and enhances the motility and fertility of sperm.
  • prosthetically — a device, either external or implanted, that substitutes for or supplements a missing or defective part of the body.
  • protectability — to defend or guard from attack, invasion, loss, annoyance, insult, etc.; cover or shield from injury or danger.
  • protected mode — An operating mode of Intel 80x86 processors. The opposite of real mode. The Intel 8088, Intel 8086, Intel 80188 and Intel 80186 had only real mode, processors beginning with the Intel 80286 feature a second mode called protected mode. In real mode, addresses are generated by adding an address offset to the value of a segment register shifted left four bits. As the segment register and address offset are 16 bits long this results in a 20-bit address. This is the origin of the one megabyte (2^20) limit in real mode. There are 4 segment registers on processors before the Intel 80386. The 80386 introduced two more segment registers. Which segment register is used depends on the instruction, on the addressing mode and of an optional instruction prefix which selects the segment register explicitly. In protected mode, the segment registers contain an index into a table of segment descriptors. Each segment descriptor contains the start address of the segment, to which the offset is added to generate the address. In addition, the segment descriptor contains memory protection information. This includes an offset limit and bits for write and read permission. This allows the processor to prevent memory accesses to certain data. The operating system can use this to protect different processes' memory from each other, hence the name "protected mode". While the standard register set belongs to the CPU, the segment registers lie "at the boundary" between the CPU and MMU. Each time a new value is loaded into a segment register while in protected mode, the corresponding descriptor is loaded into a descriptor cache in the (Segment-)MMU. On processors before the Pentium this takes longer than just loading the segment register in real mode. Addresses generated by the CPU (which are segment offsets) are passed to the MMU to be checked against the limit in the segment descriptor and are there added to the segment base address in the descriptor to form a linear address. On a 80386 or later, the linear address is further processed by the paged MMU before the result (the physical address) appears on the chip's address pins. The 80286 doesn't have a paged MMU so the linear address is output directly as the physical address. The paged MMU allows for arbitrary remapping of four klilobyte memory blocks (pages) through a translation table stored in memory. A few entries of this table are cached in the MMU's Translation Lookaside Buffer to avoid excessive memory accesses. After processor reset, all processors start in real mode. Protected mode has to be enabled by software. On the 80286 there exists no documented way back to real mode apart from resetting the processor. Later processors allow switching back to real mode by software. Software which has been written or compiled to run in protected mode must only use segment register values given to it by the operating system. Unfortunately, most application code for MS-DOS, written before the 286, will fail in protected mode because it assumes real mode addressing and writes arbitrary values to segment registers, e.g. in order to perform address calculations. Such use of segment registers is only really necessary with data structures that are larger than 64 kilobytes and thus don't fit into a single segment. This is usually dealt with by the huge memory model in compilers. In this model, compilers generate address arithmetic involving segment registers. A solution which is portable to protected mode with almost the same efficiency would involve using a table of segments instead of calculating new segment register values ad hoc. To ease the transition to protected mode, Intel 80386 and later processors provide "virtual 86 mode".
  • protectiveness — having the quality or function of protecting: a protective covering.
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