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16-letter words containing o, m, n, i, l

  • lookout mountain — a mountain ridge in Georgia, Tennessee, and Alabama: a battle of the Civil War fought here, near Chattanooga, Tenn. 1863; highest point, 2126 feet (648 meters).
  • loop combination — A program transformation where the bodies of two loops are merged into one thus reducing the overhead of manipulating and testing the control variable and branching. Further optimisation of the merged code may then become possible. In horizontal loop combination the bodies of the loops are largely independent so only the loop overhead is saved. Vertical loop combination applies where the results of the first loop are used by the second. Combining the two allows the intermediate results to be used immediately (in registers) rather than requiring them to be stored in an array. The functional equivalent of horizontal and vertical loop combination are tupling and fusion.
  • lord chamberlain — (in Britain) the chief official of the royal household
  • luminosity class — a classification of stars of a given spectral type according to their luminosity, breaking them down into dwarfs, giants, and supergiants.
  • lymphangiography — x-ray visualization of lymph vessels and nodes following injection of a contrast medium.
  • lz77 compression — The first algorithm to use the Lempel-Ziv substitutional compression schemes, proposed in 1977. LZ77 compression keeps track of the last n bytes of data seen, and when a phrase is encountered that has already been seen, it outputs a pair of values corresponding to the position of the phrase in the previously-seen buffer of data, and the length of the phrase. In effect the compressor moves a fixed-size "window" over the data (generally referred to as a "sliding window"), with the position part of the (position, length) pair referring to the position of the phrase within the window. The most commonly used algorithms are derived from the LZSS scheme described by James Storer and Thomas Szymanski in 1982. In this the compressor maintains a window of size N bytes and a "lookahead buffer", the contents of which it tries to find a match for in the window: while (lookAheadBuffer not empty) { get a pointer (position, match) to the longest match in the window for the lookahead buffer; if (length > MINIMUM_MATCH_LENGTH) { output a (position, length) pair; shift the window length characters along; } else { output the first character in the lookahead buffer; shift the window 1 character along; } } Decompression is simple and fast: whenever a (POSITION, LENGTH) pair is encountered, go to that POSITION in the window and copy LENGTH bytes to the output. Sliding-window-based schemes can be simplified by numbering the input text characters mod N, in effect creating a circular buffer. The sliding window approach automatically creates the LRU effect which must be done explicitly in LZ78 schemes. Variants of this method apply additional compression to the output of the LZSS compressor, which include a simple variable-length code (LZB), dynamic Huffman coding (LZH), and Shannon-Fano coding (ZIP 1.x), all of which result in a certain degree of improvement over the basic scheme, especially when the data are rather random and the LZSS compressor has little effect. An algorithm was developed which combines the ideas behind LZ77 and LZ78 to produce a hybrid called LZFG. LZFG uses the standard sliding window, but stores the data in a modified trie data structure and produces as output the position of the text in the trie. Since LZFG only inserts complete *phrases* into the dictionary, it should run faster than other LZ77-based compressors. All popular archivers (arj, lha, zip, zoo) are variations on LZ77.
  • lz78 compression — A substitutional compression scheme which works by entering phrases into a dictionary and then, when a reoccurrence of that particular phrase is found, outputting the dictionary index instead of the phrase. Several algorithms are based on this principle, differing mainly in the manner in which they manage the dictionary. The most well-known Lempel-Ziv scheme is Terry Welch's Lempel-Ziv Welch variant of LZ78.
  • machine moulding — the process of making moulds and cores for castings by mechanical means, usually by compacting the moulding sand by vibration instead of by ramming down
  • macro-linguistic — a field of study concerned with language in its broadest sense and including cultural and behavioral features associated with language.
  • macrolinguistics — a field of study concerned with language in its broadest sense and including cultural and behavioral features associated with language.
  • magellanic cloud — either of two irregular galactic clusters in the southern heavens that are the nearest independent star system to the Milky Way.
  • magnetic anomaly — a departure from the normal magnetic field of the earth.
  • magneto-electric — of or relating to the induction of electric current or electromotive force by means of permanent magnets.
  • magnolia warbler — a black and yellow wood warbler, Dendroica magnolia, of North America.
  • make a complaint — If a guest makes a complaint, they express their dissatisfaction with something.
  • malapportionment — (of a state or other political unit) poorly apportioned, especially divided, organized, or structured in a manner that prevents large sections of a population from having equitable representation in a legislative body.
  • manganese violet — a moderate to strong purple color.
  • marginal costing — a method of cost accounting and decision making used for internal reporting in which only marginal costs are charged to cost units and fixed costs are treated as a lump sum
  • marine biologist — scientist who studies sea life
  • marsh cinquefoil — a variety of cinquefoil, Potentilla palustris, that grows in marshy areas
  • marsupialization — (surgery) The surgical technique of cutting a slit into a cyst and suturing its edges to form a continuous surface from the exterior to the interior of the cyst, allowing it to drain freely.
  • mason-dixon line — the boundary between Pennsylvania and Maryland, partly surveyed by Charles Mason and Jeremiah Dixon between 1763 and 1767, popularly considered before the end of slavery as a line of demarcation between free and slave states.
  • maximilian armor — full plate armor of the early 16th century, representing a combination of Italian and German styles and characterized by extensive use of fluting for lightness and strength.
  • medieval cornish — the Cornish language of the Middle Ages, usually dated from the 14th century to 1600.
  • megalomaniacally — In a megalomaniacal manner.
  • melodic interval — an intervening period of time: an interval of 50 years.
  • meningomyelocele — (medicine) A congenital defect of the central nervous system of infants in which membranes and the spinal cord protrude through an opening or defect in the vertebral column.
  • menstrual period — the bleeding from the womb that occurs approximately monthly in nonpregnant women of reproductive age
  • mercator sailing — sailing according to rhumb lines, which appear as straight lines on a Mercator chart.
  • methyl parathion — a synthetic pesticide, C 8 H 1 0 NO 5 PS, used in the control of mites and various insects, as aphids, boll weevils, and cutworms.
  • methylene iodide — a yellow liquid, CH 2 I 2 , soluble in alcohol and ether: used for the separation of mixtures of minerals and in organic synthesis.
  • methylthioninium — (organic chemistry, especially in combination) The heterocyclic cation 3,7-bis(dimethylamino)-phenothiazin-5-ium, that is the basis of methylene blue.
  • microcirculation — the movement of blood through the arterioles, capillaries, and venules.
  • microcrystalline — minutely crystalline; composed of microscopic crystals.
  • microelectronics — the technology dealing with the design, development, and construction of electronic systems utilizing extremely small elements, especially solid-state devices employing microminiaturization.
  • microencapsulate — (transitive) To embed by means of microencapsulation.
  • microlinguistics — the branch of linguistics that is concerned with the study of languages in the abstract, and that looks at specific linguistic data without consideration of meaning
  • micromanipulator — A device, used for micromanipulation, consisting of microscopic needles and instruments viewed through a microscope.
  • midair collision — a crash, such as a plane crash, that takes place in the air
  • middle stone age — the Mesolithic period.
  • military honours — ceremonies performed by troops in honour of royalty, at the burial of an officer, etc
  • milk of magnesia — a milky white suspension in water of magnesium hydroxide, Mg (OH) 2 , used as an antacid or laxative.
  • mineral charcoal — a fibrous substance resembling charcoal and having a high carbon content, often occurring in thin layers in bituminous coal.
  • mineral deposits — amounts of minerals that occur naturally in particular areas
  • miniature poodle — a breed of poodle, bred to be much smaller than standard poodles
  • misanthropically — In a misanthropic manner.
  • misogynistically — In a misogynistic manner.
  • mission-critical — essential for a project to launch
  • mnemotechnically — In a mnemotechnic manner; using mnemotechny.
  • mobility housing — houses designed or adapted for people who have difficulty in walking but are not necessarily chairbound
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