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16-letter words containing o, i, c

  • letter of credit — an order issued by a banker allowing a person named to draw money to a specified amount from correspondents of the issuer.
  • level descriptor — one of a set of criteria used to assess the performance of a pupil in a particular subject
  • lexicostatistics — the statistical study of the vocabulary of a language or languages for historical purposes.
  • liang ch'i-ch'ao — 1873–1929, Chinese scholar, journalist, and reformer.
  • liberal democrat — In Britain, a Liberal Democrat is a member of the Liberal Democrat Party.
  • lick observatory — the astronomical observatory of the University of California, situated on Mount Hamilton, near San Jose, California, and having a 120-inch (3-meter) reflecting telescope and a 36-inch (91-cm) refracting telescope.
  • lick one's chops — Usually, chops. the jaw.
  • liebig condenser — a laboratory condenser consisting of a glass tube surrounded by a glass envelope through which cooling water flows
  • light microscope — microscope (def 1).
  • lighthouse clock — an American mantel clock of the early 19th century, having the dial and works exposed beneath a glass dome on a tapered, cylindrical body.
  • like cat and dog — quarrelling savagely
  • limited monarchy — a monarchy that is limited by laws and a constitution.
  • limited-monarchy — a limited train, bus, etc.
  • lincoln reckoner — An interactive mathematics program including matrix operations, written about 1965. It ran on the TX-2.
  • line composition — type produced on a linecaster
  • linguistic stock — a parent language and all its derived dialects and languages.
  • literacy project — a project, plan or scheme to increase literacy in a country, area, etc
  • lithium chloride — a white, water-soluble, deliquescent, crystalline solid, LiCl, used chiefly in the manufacture of mineral water, especially lithia water, and as a flux in metallurgy.
  • lithographically — In the manner of lithography.
  • local oscillator — the oscillator in a superheterodyne receiver whose output frequency is mixed with the incoming modulated radio-frequency carrier signal to produce the required intermediate frequency
  • locomotor ataxia — tabes dorsalis.
  • logical constant — one of the connectives of a given system of formal logic, esp those of the sentential calculus, not, and, or, and if … then …
  • logical operator — any of the Boolean symbols or functions, as AND, OR, and NOT, denoting a Boolean operation; Boolean operator.
  • logical relation — A relation R satisfying f R g <=> For all a, b, a R b => f a R g b This definition, by Plotkin, can be used to extend the definition of a relation on the types of a and b to a relation on functions.
  • logical unit 6.2 — (networking)   (LU6.2) A type of logical unit that governs peer-to-peer SNA communications. LU6.2 supports general communication between programs in a distributed processing environment. LU6.2 is characterised by a peer relationship between session partners, efficient use of a session for multiple transactions, comprehensive end-to-end error processing and a generic application program interface consisting of structured verbs that are mapped into a product inplementation. LU6.2 is used by IBM's TPF operating system.
  • long-tail claims — Long-tail claims are claims that are made or settled a long time after the insurance policy has expired.
  • longicorn beetle — any beetle of the family Cerambycidae, having a long narrow body, long legs, and long antennae
  • loop combination — A program transformation where the bodies of two loops are merged into one thus reducing the overhead of manipulating and testing the control variable and branching. Further optimisation of the merged code may then become possible. In horizontal loop combination the bodies of the loops are largely independent so only the loop overhead is saved. Vertical loop combination applies where the results of the first loop are used by the second. Combining the two allows the intermediate results to be used immediately (in registers) rather than requiring them to be stored in an array. The functional equivalent of horizontal and vertical loop combination are tupling and fusion.
  • loose connection — an imperfect electrical connection, as in a plug or car engine
  • lord chamberlain — (in Britain) the chief official of the royal household
  • lose one's voice — If you lose your voice, you cannot speak for a while because of an illness.
  • louisiana french — French as spoken in Louisiana; Cajun. Abbreviation: LaF.
  • lower california — Baja California.
  • luminosity class — a classification of stars of a given spectral type according to their luminosity, breaking them down into dwarfs, giants, and supergiants.
  • lz77 compression — The first algorithm to use the Lempel-Ziv substitutional compression schemes, proposed in 1977. LZ77 compression keeps track of the last n bytes of data seen, and when a phrase is encountered that has already been seen, it outputs a pair of values corresponding to the position of the phrase in the previously-seen buffer of data, and the length of the phrase. In effect the compressor moves a fixed-size "window" over the data (generally referred to as a "sliding window"), with the position part of the (position, length) pair referring to the position of the phrase within the window. The most commonly used algorithms are derived from the LZSS scheme described by James Storer and Thomas Szymanski in 1982. In this the compressor maintains a window of size N bytes and a "lookahead buffer", the contents of which it tries to find a match for in the window: while (lookAheadBuffer not empty) { get a pointer (position, match) to the longest match in the window for the lookahead buffer; if (length > MINIMUM_MATCH_LENGTH) { output a (position, length) pair; shift the window length characters along; } else { output the first character in the lookahead buffer; shift the window 1 character along; } } Decompression is simple and fast: whenever a (POSITION, LENGTH) pair is encountered, go to that POSITION in the window and copy LENGTH bytes to the output. Sliding-window-based schemes can be simplified by numbering the input text characters mod N, in effect creating a circular buffer. The sliding window approach automatically creates the LRU effect which must be done explicitly in LZ78 schemes. Variants of this method apply additional compression to the output of the LZSS compressor, which include a simple variable-length code (LZB), dynamic Huffman coding (LZH), and Shannon-Fano coding (ZIP 1.x), all of which result in a certain degree of improvement over the basic scheme, especially when the data are rather random and the LZSS compressor has little effect. An algorithm was developed which combines the ideas behind LZ77 and LZ78 to produce a hybrid called LZFG. LZFG uses the standard sliding window, but stores the data in a modified trie data structure and produces as output the position of the text in the trie. Since LZFG only inserts complete *phrases* into the dictionary, it should run faster than other LZ77-based compressors. All popular archivers (arj, lha, zip, zoo) are variations on LZ77.
  • lz78 compression — A substitutional compression scheme which works by entering phrases into a dictionary and then, when a reoccurrence of that particular phrase is found, outputting the dictionary index instead of the phrase. Several algorithms are based on this principle, differing mainly in the manner in which they manage the dictionary. The most well-known Lempel-Ziv scheme is Terry Welch's Lempel-Ziv Welch variant of LZ78.
  • machado de assiz — Joaquim Maria [zhaw-ah-kim mah-ree-ah] /ˈʒɔ ɑ kɪm mɑˈri ɑ/ (Show IPA), 1839–1908, Brazilian writer.
  • machine moulding — the process of making moulds and cores for castings by mechanical means, usually by compacting the moulding sand by vibration instead of by ramming down
  • machine operator — someone who operates mechanical equipment
  • macro-linguistic — a field of study concerned with language in its broadest sense and including cultural and behavioral features associated with language.
  • macroclimatology — the study of the climatic conditions of a large area.
  • macroenvironment — (biology) The large-scale and long-term environment and conditions that affect an organism.
  • macroinstruction — macro (def 5).
  • macrolepidoptera — a collector's name for that part of the lepidoptera that comprises the butterflies and the larger moths (noctuids, geometrids, bombycids, springtails, etc): a term without taxonomic significance
  • macrolinguistics — a field of study concerned with language in its broadest sense and including cultural and behavioral features associated with language.
  • macrorestriction — In physical gene mapping, the digestion of DNA of high molecular weight with a restriction enzyme having a low number of restriction sites.
  • magazine section — a magazinelike section in the Sunday editions of many newspapers, containing articles rather than news items and often letters, reviews, stories, puzzles, etc.
  • magellanic cloud — either of two irregular galactic clusters in the southern heavens that are the nearest independent star system to the Milky Way.
  • magmatic stoping — the process by which country rock is broken up and engulfed by the upward movement of magma
  • magnesiochromite — (mineral) A chromite species with the formula MgCr2O4.
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