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27-letter words containing n, e, g, o, t

  • hue, saturation, brightness — (graphics)   (HSB) A colour model that describes colours in terms of hue, saturation, and brightness. In the tables below, a hue is a "pure" colour, i.e. one with no black or white in it. A shade is a "dark" colour, i.e. one produced by mixing a hue with black. A tint is a "light" colour, i.e. one produced by mixing a hue with white. A tone is a colour produced by mixing a hue with a shade of grey. Colour type S L Black Any 0% White Any 100% Grey 0% 1-99% Hue 100% 50% Shade 100% 1-49% Tint 100% 51-99% Tone 1-99% 1-99% Quattro Pro, CorelDraw, and PhotoShop use a variant (Quattro Pro calls the third parameter "brightness") in which a brightness of 100% can produce white, a pure hue, or anything in between, depending on the saturation. Colour type S B Black Any 0% White 0% 100% Grey 0% 1-99% Hue 100% 100% Shade 100% 1-99% Tint 1-99% 100% Tone 1-99% 1-99% [Same as HSV?]
  • hypergeometric distribution — a system of probabilities associated with finding a specified number of elements, as 5 white balls, from a given number of elements, as 10 balls, chosen from a set containing 2 kinds of elements of known quantity, as 15 white balls and 20 black balls.
  • importance of being earnest — a comedy (1895) by Oscar Wilde.
  • in (or out of) the running — in (or out of) the competition; having a (or no) chance to win
  • in (or over) the long haul — over a long period of time
  • in the market for something — If you are in the market for something, you are interested in buying it.
  • interface message processor — (networking)   (IMP) The original message switching node on the ARPANET.
  • internal-combustion engines — an engine of one or more working cylinders in which the process of combustion takes place within the cylinders.
  • introgressive-hybridization — the introduction of genes from one species into the gene pool of another species, occurring when matings between the two produce fertile hybrids.
  • joint and several guarantee — a legal guarantee undertaken by multiple people in which any one guarantor can be held fully responsible for repaying the whole of the debt despite each guarantor only being partially responsible for that debt
  • keep body and soul together — the physical structure and material substance of an animal or plant, living or dead.
  • knights of the ku klux klan — Ku Klux Klan (def 2).
  • knowledge management system — (KMS) A distributed hypermedia system for managing knowledge in organisations. KMS is a commercial system from Knowledge Systems, Inc. running on workstations, based on previous research with ZOG at Carnegie Mellon University.
  • kungliga tekniska högskolan — (body, education)   (KTH, Royal Institute of Art and Technology) A Swedish university founded in 1827 that is strong in engineering and computing (e.g. AI, Virtual Reality). In 1998 KTH had nearly 11,000 undergraduate students, 1,300 postgraduate students, and 2,900 staff, making it the largest of Sweden's six universitites of technology. Address: Stockholm, Sweden.
  • language acquisition device — a hypothesized innate mental faculty present in infants that enables them to construct and internalize the grammar of their native language on the basis of the limited and fragmentary language input to which they are exposed. Abbreviation: LAD.
  • link state routing protocol — (networking, communications)   A routing protocol such as OSPF which permits routers to exchange information with one another about the reachability of other networks and the cost or metric to reach the other networks. The cost/metric is based on number of hops, link speeds, traffic congestion, and other factors as determined by the network designer. Link state routers use Dijkstra's algorithm to calculate shortest (lowest cost) paths, and normally update other routers with whom they are connected only when their own routing tables change. Link state routing is an improvement over distance-vector routing protocols such as RIP which normally use only a single metric (such as hop count) and which exchange all of their table information with all other routers on a regular schedule. Link state routing normally requires more processing but less transmission overhead.
  • magnetostrictive delay line — (storage, history)   An early storage device that used tensioned wires of nickel alloy carrying longitudinal waves produced and detected electromagnetically. They had better storage behaviour than mercury delay lines.
  • management information base — (networking)   (MIB) A database of managed objects acessed by network management protocols. An SNMP MIB is a set of parameters which an SNMP management station can query or set in the SNMP agent of a network device (e.g. router). Standard minimal MIBs have been defined, and many hardware (and certain software, e.g. DBMS) providers have developed private MIBs in ASN.1 format allowing them to be compiled for use in a Network Management System. In theory, any SNMP manager can talk to any SNMP agent with a properly defined MIB. See also client-server model.
  • memorandum of understanding — a document that describes the general principles of an agreement between parties, but does not amount to a substantive contract
  • memory type range registers — (architecture, video)   (MTRR) Registers in the Pentium Pro and Pentium II processors that can be used to specify a strategy for communication with the external memory and caches for a number of physical address ranges. Strategies include write-through, write-back, or uncached(?). Such control is useful where the memory is located on a device and is accessed via some kind of device bus, e.g. a PCI or AGP graphics card, where caching would be of no benefit.
  • metallic wood-boring beetle — any of numerous metallic green, blue, copper, or black beetles of the family Buprestidae, the larvae of which bore into the wood of trees.
  • moving picture expert group — (spelling)   Incorrect expansion of MPEG, which stands for Moving Picture Experts Group.
  • natural language processing — (artificial intelligence)   (NLP) Computer understanding, analysis, manipulation, and/or generation of natural language. This can refer to anything from fairly simple string-manipulation tasks like stemming, or building concordances of natural language texts, to higher-level AI-like tasks like processing user queries in natural language.
  • network definition language — (NDL) The language used to program the DCP (Data Communications Processor) on Burroughs Large System. Version: NDL II.
  • neurolinguistic programming — a therapy designed to alter behaviour by reprogramming unconscious patterns of thought
  • newton's law of gravitation — the principle that two particles attract each other with forces directly proportional to the product of their masses divided by the square of the distance between them
  • not go amiss/not come amiss — If you say that something would not go amiss or would not come amiss, you mean that it would be pleasant and useful.
  • nothing to write home about — If you say that something is nothing to write home about, you mean that it is not very interesting or exciting.
  • object relational modelling — object relational mapping
  • object-oriented programming — (programming)   (OOP) The use of a class of programming languages and techniques based on the concept of an "object" which is a data structure (abstract data type) encapsulated with a set of routines, called "methods", which operate on the data. Operations on the data can only be performed via these methods, which are common to all objects that are instances of a particular "class". Thus the interface to objects is well defined, and allows the code implementing the methods to be changed so long as the interface remains the same. Each class is a separate module and has a position in a "class hierarchy". Methods or code in one class can be passed down the hierarchy to a subclass or inherited from a superclass. This is called "inheritance". A procedure call is described as invoking a method on an object (which effectively becomes the procedure's first argument), and may optionally include other arguments. The method name is looked up in the object's class to find out how to perform that operation on the given object. If the method is not defined for the object's class, it is looked for in its superclass and so on up the class hierarchy until it is found or there is no higher superclass. OOP started with SIMULA-67 around 1970 and became all-pervasive with the advent of C++, and later Java. Another popular object-oriented programming language (OOPL) is Smalltalk, a seminal example from Xerox's Palo Alto Research Center (PARC). Others include Ada, Object Pascal, Objective C, DRAGOON, BETA, Emerald, POOL, Eiffel, Self, Oblog, ESP, LOOPS, POLKA, and Python. Other languages, such as Perl and VB, permit, but do not enforce OOP.
  • on the understanding (that) — If you agree to do something on the understanding that something else will be done, you do it because you have been told that the other thing will definitely be done.
  • open distributed processing — (standard)   (ODP) An attempt to standardise an OSI application layer communications architecture. ODP is a natural progression from OSI, broadening the target of standardisation from the point of interconnection to the end system behaviour. The objective of ODP is to enable the construction of distributed systems in a multi-vendor environment through the provision of a general architectural framework that such systems must conform to. One of the cornerstones of this framework is a model of multiple viewpoints which enables different participants to observe a system from a suitable perspective and a suitable level of abstraction.
  • open scripting architecture — (OSA) A CIL approach to the coexistence of multiple scripting systems.
  • orderly marketing agreement — any of various formal arrangements by which the volume of certain imported commodities, as steel or textiles, is voluntarily reduced. Abbreviation: OMA.
  • oscillating universe theory — the theory that the universe is oscillating between periods of expansion and collapse
  • outline planning permission — a permission for building on land which sets out general but not yet detailed guidelines
  • perfect programmer syndrome — Arrogance; the egotistical conviction that one is above normal human error. Most frequently found among programmers of some native ability but relatively little experience (especially new graduates; their perceptions may be distorted by a history of excellent performance at solving toy problems). "Of course my program is correct, there is no need to test it." "Yes, I can see there may be a problem here, but *I'll* never type "rm -r /" while in root mode."
  • peripheral technology group — (company)   A national and international distributor of IBM PC-to-Unix and Internet connectivity products. They cater for resellers, dealers and VARs and are one of the top Seagate and Micropolis distributors in the US. Address: Eden Prairie, MN, USA (a suburb of Minneapolis). Eden Prairie ("Silicon Prairie") is the home of Digi International, Ontrack, Open Systems, LaserMaster, Best Buy, and others.
  • post-viral fatigue syndrome — Post-viral fatigue syndrome is a long-lasting illness that is thought to be caused by a virus. Its symptoms include feeling tired all the time and muscle pain.
  • potassium hydrogen tartrate — a colourless or white soluble crystalline salt used in baking powders, soldering fluxes, and laxatives. Formula: KHC4H4O6
  • press/push the right button — If you say that someone presses the right button or pushes the right button, you mean that they get what they want from a particular situation or person by behaving in a clever way.
  • public broadcasting service — a network of independent, noncommercial television stations that operate with public and government funding instead of with revenues from advertising. Abbreviation: PBS.
  • public service broadcasting — publicly-funded broadcasting
  • pull the rug out from under — to betray, expose, or leave defenceless
  • rough endoplasmic reticulum — a network of tubular membranes within the cytoplasm of the cell, occurring either with a smooth surface (smooth endoplasmic reticulum) or studded with ribosomes (rough endoplasmic reticulum) involved in the transport of materials.
  • satellite navigation system — a computer-operated system of navigation that uses signals from orbiting satellites and mapping data to pinpoint the user's position and plot a subsequent course
  • senile macular degeneration — a type of macular degeneration that is one of the leading causes of blindness in the elderly and in which tiny blood vessels grow into the macula of the retina, obscuring vision. Abbreviation: SMD.
  • set someone's teeth on edge — to make someone acutely irritated or uncomfortable
  • single connector attachment — Single Connection Attach
  • sonnets from the portuguese — a sonnet sequence (1850) by Elizabeth Barrett Browning.
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