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19-letter words containing m, o, n, i, t, r

  • discriminated union — (theory)   The discriminated union of two sets A and B is A + B = {(inA, a) | a in A} U {(inB, b)| b in B} where inA and inB are arbitrary tags which specify which summand an element originates from. A type (especially an algebraic data type) might be described as a discriminated union if it is a sum type whose objects consist of a tag to say which part of the union they belong to and a value of the corresponding type.
  • distribution system — The distribution system is the part of an electric system after the transmission system that is dedicated to delivering electric energy to an end user.
  • domain architecture — (systems analysis)   A generic, organisational structure or design for software systems in a domain. The domain architecture contains the designs that are intended to satisfy requirements specified in the domain model. A domain architecture can be adapted to create designs for software systems within a domain and also provides a framework for configuring assets within individual software systems.
  • dynamic translation — (architecture)   A virtual machine implementation approach, used to speed up execution of byte-code programs. To execute a program unit such as a method or a function, the virtual machine compiles its bytecodes into (hardware) machine code. The translated code is also placed in a cache, so that next time that unit's machine code can be executed immediately, without repeating the translation. This technique was pioneered by the commercial Smalltalk implementation currently known as VisualWorks, in the early 1980s. Currently it is also used by some implementations of the Java Virtual Machine under the name JIT (Just In Time compilation).
  • elastic deformation — In elastic deformation a material changes shape when a stress is applied to it but goes back to its original state when the stress is removed.
  • electrohydrodynamic — (physics) Of or pertaining to electrohydrodynamics.
  • electroluminescence — Luminescence produced electrically, especially in a phosphor by the application of a voltage.
  • electromagnetically — By means of electromagnetism.
  • electromechanically — In an electromechanical way.
  • electron micrograph — a photograph or image of a specimen taken using an electron microscope
  • electron microscope — An electron microscope is a type of very powerful microscope that uses electrons instead of light to produce a magnified image of something.
  • electron multiplier — a device for amplifying and measuring a flux of electrons. Each electron hits an anode surface and releases secondary electrons that are accelerated to a second surface; after several such stages a measurable pulse of current is obtained
  • electronic commerce — (application, communications)   (EC) The conducting of business communication and transactions over networks and through computers. As most restrictively defined, electronic commerce is the buying and selling of goods and services, and the transfer of funds, through digital communications. However EC also includes all inter-company and intra-company functions (such as marketing, finance, manufacturing, selling, and negotiation) that enable commerce and use electronic mail, EDI, file transfer, fax, video conferencing, workflow, or interaction with a remote computer. Electronic commerce also includes buying and selling over the web and the Internet, electronic funds transfer, smart cards, digital cash (e.g. Mondex), and all other ways of doing business over digital networks.
  • electronic magazine — (messaging, publication, web)   (e-zine) A regular publication on some particular topic distributed in digital form, chiefly now via the web but also by electronic mail or floppy disk. E-zines are often distributed for free by enthusiasts.
  • employment tribunal — (in England, Scotland, and Wales) a tribunal that rules on disputes between employers and employees regarding unfair dismissal, redundancy, etc
  • end of transmission — (character)   (EOT) The mnemonic for ASCII character 4.
  • endowment insurance — Endowment insurance is a type of life insurance that pays a particular sum directly to the policyholder at a stated date, or to a beneficiary if the policyholder dies before this date.
  • entitlement program — a government program providing defined sectors of the population with social benefits
  • environmental audit — the systematic examination of an organization's interaction with the environment, to assess the success of its conservation or antipollution programme
  • environmental lobby — a group of people who promote environmental issues to government, the public, and business
  • equatorial mounting — an astronomical telescope mounting that allows motion of the telescope about two mutually perpendicular axes, one of which is parallel to the earth's axis
  • euclidean algorithm — Euclid's Algorithm
  • european parliament — law: assembly in Strasbourg
  • extendible compiler — (language)   (ETC) A Fortran-like compiler that can be extended with macros.
  • extreme programming — a discipline of software engineering following a specific structure, designed to simplify and speed up the development process
  • family practitioner — medical specialization in general practice, requiring training beyond that of general practice and leading to board certification.
  • female impersonator — a male performer who dresses as and impersonates women.
  • first law of motion — any of three laws of classical mechanics, either the law that a body remains at rest or in motion with a constant velocity unless an external force acts on the body (first law of motion) the law that the sum of the forces acting on a body is equal to the product of the mass of the body and the acceleration produced by the forces, with motion in the direction of the resultant of the forces (second law of motion) or the law that for every force acting on a body, the body exerts a force having equal magnitude and the opposite direction along the same line of action as the original force (third law of motion or law of action and reaction)
  • fixed-term contract — a contract for a particular and fixed period
  • fractal compression — (algorithm)   A technique for encoding images using fractals.
  • frameshift mutation — a mutation caused by frameshift.
  • gastrocolic omentum — the peritoneal fold attached to the stomach and the colon and hanging over the small intestine.
  • genetic programming — (programming)   (GP) A programming technique which extends the genetic algorithm to the domain of whole computer programs. In GP, populations of programs are genetically bred to solve problems. Genetic programming can solve problems of system identification, classification, control, robotics, optimisation, game playing, and pattern recognition. Starting with a primordial ooze of hundreds or thousands of randomly created programs composed of functions and terminals appropriate to the problem, the population is progressively evolved over a series of generations by applying the operations of Darwinian fitness proportionate reproduction and crossover (sexual recombination).
  • gentleman-pensioner — (formerly) a gentleman-at-arms.
  • geomagnetic equator — an imaginary line on the earth's surface, the plane of which passes through the center and is midway between the geomagnetic poles.
  • geothermal gradient — the increase in temperature with increasing depth within the earth.
  • giant silkworm moth — any silkworm moth of the family Saturniidae.
  • golden lion tamarin — a monkey, Leontopithecus rosalia rosalia, of tropical rain forests of southeastern Brazil, having a silky golden coat and a long golden mane: threatened with extinction.
  • government-in-exile — a government temporarily moved to or formed in a foreign land by exiles who hope to establish that government in their native country after its liberation.
  • great idaean mother — Cybele.
  • green mountain boys — the members of the armed bands of Vermont organized in 1770 to oppose New York's territorial claims. Under Ethan Allen they won fame in the War of American Independence
  • grievance committee — a group of representatives chosen from a labor union or from both labor and management to consider and remedy workers' grievances.
  • gross profit margin — A gross profit margin is a measure of the profitability of a company, that is calculated by dividing gross profit by net sales.
  • grosse pointe farms — a city in SE Michigan, near Detroit.
  • hamiltonian problem — (computability)   (Or "Hamilton's problem") A problem in graph theory posed by William Hamilton: given a graph, is there a path through the graph which visits each vertex precisely once (a "Hamiltonian path")? Is there a Hamiltonian path which ends up where it started (a "Hamiltonian cycle" or "Hamiltonian tour")? Hamilton's problem is NP-complete. It has numerous applications, sometimes completely unexpected, in computing.
  • harmonic distortion — distortion caused by nonlinear characteristics of electronic apparatus, esp of audio amplifiers, that generate unwanted harmonics of the input frequencies
  • heart in your mouth — If your heart is in your mouth, you feel very excited, worried, or frightened.
  • heine-borel theorem — the theorem that in a metric space every covering consisting of open sets that covers a closed and compact set has a finite collection of subsets that covers the given set.
  • hermitian conjugate — adjoint (def 2).
  • horizontal mobility — movement from one position to another within the same social level, as changing jobs without altering occupational status, or moving between social groups having the same social status.
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