25-letter words containing m, i, d, l
- antidisestablishmentarian — a person who advocates antidisestablishmentarianism.
- archibald philip primrose — Archibald Philip, 5th Earl of Rosebery, Rosebery, Archibald Philip Primrose, 5th Earl of.
- arithmetic and logic unit — (processor) (ALU or "mill") The part of the central processing unit which performs operations such as addition, subtraction and multiplication of integers and bit-wise AND, OR, NOT, XOR and other Boolean operations. The CPU's instruction decode logic determines which particular operation the ALU should perform, the source of the operands and the destination of the result. The width in bits of the words which the ALU handles is usually the same as that quoted for the processor as a whole whereas its external busses may be narrower. Floating-point operations are usually done by a separate "floating-point unit". Some processors use the ALU for address calculations (e.g. incrementing the program counter), others have separate logic for this.
- armored personnel carrier — a tracked military vehicle with a steel or aluminum hull used to transport troops in combat and usually fitted with light armament. Abbreviation: APC.
- barbed wire entanglements — obstructions consisting of entangled barbed wires that hinder attacking troops
- be riddled with something — to be full of or pervaded by something undesirable
- biochemical oxygen demand — a measure of the organic pollution of water: the amount of oxygen, in mg per litre of water, absorbed by a sample kept at 20°C for five days
- caltech intermediate form — (language) (CIF) A geometry language for VLSI design, in which the primitives are coloured rectangles.
- capability maturity model — (software) (CMM) The Software Engineering Institute's model of software engineering that specifies five levels of maturity of the processes of a software organisation. CMM offers a framework for evolutionary process improvement. Originally applied to software development (SE-CMM), it has been expanded to cover other areas including Human Resources and Software Acquitition. The levels - focii - and key process areas are: Level 1 Initial - Heroes - None. Level 2 Repeatable - Project Management - Software Project Planning, Software Project Tracking and Oversight, Software Subcontract Management, Software Quality Assurance, Software Configuration Management, Requirements Management. Level 3 Defined - Engineering Process - Organisation Process Focus, Organisation Process Definition, Peer Reviews, Training Program, Inter-group Coordination, Software Product Engineering, Integrated Software Management. Level 4 Managed - Product and Process Quality - Software Quality Management, Quantitative Process Management. Level 5 Optimising - Continuous Improvement - Process Change Management, Technology Change Management, Defect Prevention.
- complete partial ordering — (theory) (cpo) A partial ordering of a set under a relation, where all directed subsets have a least upper bound. A cpo is usually defined to include a least element, bottom (David Schmidt calls this a pointed cpo). A cpo which is algebraic and boundedly complete is a (Scott) domain.
- computer-aided publishing — desktop publishing. Abbreviation: CAP.
- cost-of-living adjustment — an adjustment to pay which takes account of a change in the cost of living
- culture specific syndrome — a behavioral disturbance in a specific cultural setting that is identified and named by the cultural group itself.
- data encryption algorithm — (DEA) An ANSI standard defined in ANSI X3.92-1981. It is identical to the Data Encryption Standard (DES).
- de mortuis nil nisi bonum — (say) nothing but good of the dead
- dell computer corporation — (company) One of the biggest US manufacturers of IBM PC compatibles. "From notebooks to networks", their slogan says.
- department of agriculture — the department of the U.S. federal government that institutes and administers all federal programs dealing with agriculture. Abbreviation: USDA.
- develop-mentally disabled — a disability, as mental retardation or cerebral palsy, that begins at an early age and continues indefinitely, leading to substantial handicap.
- dibasic calcium phosphate — Dibasic calcium phosphate is a white powder or crystalline substance used as a dietary supplement and tableting agent.
- digital rights management — (legal) (DRM) Any technology used to limit the use of software, music, movies or other digital data. This generally relies on some interaction between the media and the system that plays it. For example, video DVDs usually include a region code. If this does not match the player's region code, the player will refuse to play the disc.
- diminished responsibility — law: lack of capacity
- domain architecture model — (systems analysis) A set of software architectures generic to a domain that define organising frameworks for constructing new application designs and implementations within the domain, consistent with the domain requirements model.
- double taxation agreement — an agreement between two countries that lessens the tax burden on citizens of each country living in the other
- double wingback formation — an offensive formation in which two backs line up at opposite ends of the backfield about one yard outside of the ends and about one yard behind the line of scrimmage.
- drive someone up the wall — If you say that something or someone is driving you up the wall, you are emphasizing that they annoy and irritate you.
- dual tone multi frequency — (communications) (DTMF, or "touch-tone") A method used by the telephone system to communicate the keys pressed when dialling. Pressing a key on the phone's keypad generates two simultaneous tones, one for the row and one for the column. These are decoded by the exchange to determine which key was pressed.
- eden programming language — (language) (EPL) A language developed at the University of Washington, based on Concurrent Euclid and used with the Eden distributed operating system. EPL influenced Emerald and Distributed Smalltalk.
- electromagnetic radiation — radiation consisting of self-sustaining oscillating electric and magnetic fields at right angles to each other and to the direction of propagation. It does not require a supporting medium and travels through empty space at the speed of light
- embedded lisp interpreter — (language) (ELI) A small Common Lisp-like interpreter embedded in the Andrew mail system, written by Bob Glickstein at CMU.
- entity-relationship model — (database, specification) An approach to data modelling proposed by P. Chen in 1976. The model says that you divide your database in two logical parts, entities (e.g. "customer", "product") and relations ("buys", "pays for"). One of the first activities in specifying an application is defining the entities involved and their relationships, e.g. using an entity-relationship diagram to represent a model.
- field-emission microscope — a device in which electrons liberated by field emission are accelerated toward a fluorescent screen to form a magnified image of the emitting surface.
- frame relay access device — (communications) (FRAD) Hardware and software that turns packets from TCP, SNA, IPX, etc into frames that can be sent over a Frame Relay wide area network. FRADs are a hot topic in data comms because companies like Netlink, Motorola, Stratacom are making lots of money out of them.
- fully lazy lambda lifting — John Hughes's optimisation of lambda lifting to give full laziness. Maximal free expressions are shared to minimise the amount of recalculation. Each inner sub-expression is replaced by a function of its maximal free expressions (expressions not containing any bound variable) applied to those expressions. E.g. f = \ x . (\ y . (+) (sqrt x) y) ((+) (sqrt x)) is a maximal free expression in (\ y . (+) (sqrt x) y) so this inner abstraction is replaced with (\ g . \ y . g y) ((+) (sqrt x)) Now, if a partial application of f is shared, the result of evaluating (sqrt x) will also be shared rather than re-evaluated on each application of f. As Chin notes, the same benefit could be achieved without introducing the new higher-order function, g, if we just extracted out (sqrt x). This is similar to the code motion optimisation in procedural languages where constant expressions are moved outside a loop or procedure.
- genetically modified food — a food that contains ingredients made from genetically modified plants or animals
- graham's law of diffusion — the principle that at a given temperature and pressure the rate of diffusion of a gas is inversely proportional to the square root of its density.
- harris semiconductor ltd. — (company) Address: Riverside Way, Camberley, Surrey, CU15 3YQ, UK. Telephone: +44 (1276) 686 886. Fax: +44 (1276) 682 323.
- immediate-release coating — An immediate-release coating is a tablet coating that breaks down immediately in the body.
- immigration border patrol — (in the US) a law enforcement agency responsible for issues regarding border laws and immigration
- in the palm of one's hand — If you have someone or something in the palm of your hand, you have control over them.
- initial microprogram load — (operating system) (IML) Loading microcode into microcode memory.
- instrumental conditioning — conditioning (def 1).
- intermittent claudication — pain and cramp in the calf muscles, aggravated by walking and caused by an insufficient supply of blood
- jean-maurice-Émile baudot — (person) (1845-1903) The inventor of the Baudot code. Baudot joined the French Post & Telegraph Administration in 1869 as a telegraph operator. In his own time he developed a code for sending several messages at once. In 1874 Baudot patented his first printing telegraph where signals were translated onto paper tape. The Baudot code was adopted first in France and then by other nations for
and transmissions. The unit of transmission speed, baud, is named after him. - konigsberg bridge problem — a mathematical problem in graph theory, solved by Leonhard Euler, to show that it is impossible to cross all seven bridges of the Prussian city of Königsberg in a continuous path without recrossing any bridge.
- leaf distribution limited — A UK connectivity software supplier which also provides SERVELAN, a country-wide Internet access service. E-mail: <[email protected]>. Address: 7 Elmwood, Chineham Business Park, Crockford Lane, BASINGSTOKE RG24 0WG. Telephone: +44 (1256) 707 777. Fax: +44 (1256) 707 555.
- les demoiselles d'avignon — a painting (1907) by Pablo Picasso.
- letters of administration — a formal document nominating a specified person to take over, administer, and dispose of an estate when there is no executor to carry out the testator's will
- limited liability company — a company which operates with limited liability
- limited-slip differential — an automotive differential that can transfer power from a wheel that has lost traction to one that has not.
- lowest common denominator — least common denominator.
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