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25-letter words containing l, a, m

  • entity-relationship model — (database, specification)   An approach to data modelling proposed by P. Chen in 1976. The model says that you divide your database in two logical parts, entities (e.g. "customer", "product") and relations ("buys", "pays for"). One of the first activities in specifying an application is defining the entities involved and their relationships, e.g. using an entity-relationship diagram to represent a model.
  • fallacy of many questions — the rhetorical trick of asking a question that cannot be answered without admitting a presupposition that may be false, as have you stopped beating your wife?
  • female genital mutilation — the practice observed in some cultures of removing part or all of a woman's or girl's genitalia
  • flash lights impressively — (programming, humour)   (FLI) /FLY/ A joke assembly language instruction first documented in the late 1970s in "The Hackers Dictionary". The FLI instruction was frequently referred to by engineers when minicomputers such as the DEC PDP-8, PDP-11 and some early microcomputers such as the IMSAI and Altair had dozens of front panel lights. "When the computer is about to do some long I/O operation, stick in a FLI so the accountants won't think the machine has hung again."
  • flight management systems — a suite of computer programs in a computer on board an aircraft used to calculate the most economical flying speeds and altitudes during a flight and to identify possible choices in emergencies
  • frame relay access device — (communications)   (FRAD) Hardware and software that turns packets from TCP, SNA, IPX, etc into frames that can be sent over a Frame Relay wide area network. FRADs are a hot topic in data comms because companies like Netlink, Motorola, Stratacom are making lots of money out of them.
  • fully lazy lambda lifting — John Hughes's optimisation of lambda lifting to give full laziness. Maximal free expressions are shared to minimise the amount of recalculation. Each inner sub-expression is replaced by a function of its maximal free expressions (expressions not containing any bound variable) applied to those expressions. E.g. f = \ x . (\ y . (+) (sqrt x) y) ((+) (sqrt x)) is a maximal free expression in (\ y . (+) (sqrt x) y) so this inner abstraction is replaced with (\ g . \ y . g y) ((+) (sqrt x)) Now, if a partial application of f is shared, the result of evaluating (sqrt x) will also be shared rather than re-evaluated on each application of f. As Chin notes, the same benefit could be achieved without introducing the new higher-order function, g, if we just extracted out (sqrt x). This is similar to the code motion optimisation in procedural languages where constant expressions are moved outside a loop or procedure.
  • general recursion theorem — (mathematics)   Cantor's theorem, originally stated for ordinals, which extends inductive proof to recursive construction. The proof is by pasting together "attempts" (partial solutions).
  • genetically modified food — a food that contains ingredients made from genetically modified plants or animals
  • global positioning system — GPS (def 1).
  • graham's law of diffusion — the principle that at a given temperature and pressure the rate of diffusion of a gas is inversely proportional to the square root of its density.
  • guantánamo bay naval base — a US naval base on Guantánamo Bay; since 2002, a detainment camp for suspected al-Qaeda and Taliban operatives
  • hailsham of st marylebone — Baron, title of Quintin (McGarel) Hogg (ˈkwɪntɪn). 1907–2001, British Conservative politician; Lord Chancellor (1970–74; 1979–87). He renounced his viscountcy in 1963 when he made an unsuccessful bid for the Conservative Party leadership; he became a life peer in 1970
  • harris semiconductor ltd. — (company)   Address: Riverside Way, Camberley, Surrey, CU15 3YQ, UK. Telephone: +44 (1276) 686 886. Fax: +44 (1276) 682 323.
  • honi soit qui mal y pense — shamed be he who thinks evil of it: the motto of the Order of the Garter
  • human embryonic stem cell — a stem cell obtained from the blastocyst of a human embryo
  • hypertext markup language — (hypertext, web, standard)   (HTML) A hypertext document format used on the web. HTML is built on top of SGML. "Tags" are embedded in the text. A tag consists of a "<", a "directive" (in lower case), zero or more parameters and a ">". Matched pairs of directives, like "" and "" are used to delimit text which is to appear in a special place or style. Links to other documents are in the form foo where "" and "" delimit an "anchor", "href" introduces a hypertext reference, which is most often a Uniform Resource Locator (URL) (the string in double quotes in the example above). The link will be represented in the browser by the text "foo" (typically shown underlined and in a different colour). A certain place within an HTML document can be marked with a named anchor, e.g.: The "fragment identifier", "baz", can be used in an href by appending "#baz" to the document name. Other common tags include

    for a new paragraph, .. for bold text,

      for an unnumbered list,
       for preformated text, 

      ,

      ..

      for headings. Most systems will ignore the case of tags and attributes but lower case should be used for compatibility with XHTML. The web Consortium (W3C) is the international standards body for HTML. See also weblint.
    • immediate-release coating — An immediate-release coating is a tablet coating that breaks down immediately in the body.
    • immigration border patrol — (in the US) a law enforcement agency responsible for issues regarding border laws and immigration
    • in (or out of) mothballs — put into (or taken from) a condition of being stored or in reserve
    • in the palm of one's hand — If you have someone or something in the palm of your hand, you have control over them.
    • initial microprogram load — (operating system)   (IML) Loading microcode into microcode memory.
    • instrumental conditioning — conditioning (def 1).
    • intermittent claudication — pain and cramp in the calf muscles, aggravated by walking and caused by an insufficient supply of blood
    • international atomic time — a system of measuring time based on atomic clocks that measure the second as the basic unit of time in the International System of Units (SI). Abbreviation: IAT.
    • international match point — a unit of scoring in contract bridge tournaments held in Europe. Abbreviation: IMP.
    • it's not simply/just that — You use it in expressions such as it's not that or it's not simply that when you are giving a reason for something and are suggesting that there are several other reasons.
    • jean-maurice-Émile baudot — (person)   (1845-1903) The inventor of the Baudot code. Baudot joined the French Post & Telegraph Administration in 1869 as a telegraph operator. In his own time he developed a code for sending several messages at once. In 1874 Baudot patented his first printing telegraph where signals were translated onto paper tape. The Baudot code was adopted first in France and then by other nations for and transmissions. The unit of transmission speed, baud, is named after him.
    • joint technical committee — (standard, body)   (JTC) A standards body straddling ISO and IEC.
    • leaf distribution limited — A UK connectivity software supplier which also provides SERVELAN, a country-wide Internet access service. E-mail: <[email protected]>. Address: 7 Elmwood, Chineham Business Park, Crockford Lane, BASINGSTOKE RG24 0WG. Telephone: +44 (1256) 707 777. Fax: +44 (1256) 707 555.
    • les demoiselles d'avignon — a painting (1907) by Pablo Picasso.
    • letter of acknowledgement — a letter that you receive from someone, telling you that something you have sent to them has arrived
    • letters of administration — a formal document nominating a specified person to take over, administer, and dispose of an estate when there is no executor to carry out the testator's will
    • limited liability company — a company which operates with limited liability
    • limited-slip differential — an automotive differential that can transfer power from a wheel that has lost traction to one that has not.
    • lowest common denominator — least common denominator.
    • make one's blood run cold — the fluid that circulates in the principal vascular system of human beings and other vertebrates, in humans consisting of plasma in which the red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets are suspended.
    • marcus aurelius antoninusMarcus Aurelius, Marcus Aurelius.
    • marcus-valerius-martialis — (Marcus Valerius Martialis) a.d. 43?–104? Roman epigrammatist, born in Spain.
    • medical officer of health — a person appointed by a local or national authority to be in charge of its health policy
    • melanesian pidgin english — Neo-Melanesian.
    • metal oxide semiconductor — a three-layer sandwich of a metal, an insulator (usually an oxide of the substrate), and a semiconductor substrate, used in integrated circuits. Abbreviation: MOS.
    • metal-free phthalocyanine — phthalocyanine (def 1).
    • methylrosaniline chloride — gentian violet.
    • metropolitan area network — (MAN) A data network intended to serve an area the size of a large city. Such networks are being implemented by innovative techniques, such as running optical fibre through subway tunnels. A popular example of a MAN is SMDS. See also Local Area Network, Wide Area Network.
    • miguel hidalgo y costillaMiguel [mee-gel] /miˈgɛl/ (Show IPA), 1753–1811, Mexican priest, patriot, and revolutionist.
    • minimal brain dysfunction — (no longer in technical use) attention deficit disorder.
    • mount kenya national park — a national park in Kenya, located in the regions of Mount Kenya that are above 3200 m (10 500 ft); now a UNESCO World Heritage Site, the park covers 1420 sq km (548 sq miles)
    • mpc level 1 specification — (multimedia)   The original Multimedia Personal Computer specification. Minimum requirements are a 16 MHz 386SX with 2 megabytes of RAM, a 30 MB hard disk drive, and a CD-ROM drive with a sustained data transfer rate of 150 KB/s at no more than 40% of CPU bandwidth and reading at least 16 KB blocks. The maximum average seek time is 1 second and the Mean Time Between Failure 10000 hours. Capability Mode 1. The computer must have 8-bit digital sound and an 8-note synthesizer with MIDI playback. Sample rates of 22.05 and 11.025 kHz must be supported by no more than 10% of CPU bandwidth, preferably 44.1 kHz at no more than 15% of CPU bandwidth. The synthesizer must support multi-voice, multi-timbral generation of six simultaneous melody notes and two simultaneous percussive notes with internal mixing capabilities to combine input from three sources and present the output as a stereo, line-level audio signal at the back panel. The video display must have a resolution of at least 640 x 480 in 16 colours. MIDI, I/O, and joystick ports must be previded. Compare MPC Level 2 Specification.
    • mpc level 2 specification — (multimedia)   An improved version of the MPC Level 1 Specification for Multimedia Personal Computers. Minimum requirements are a 25 Mhz 486SX with 4 MB of RAM and a 160 MB hard disk drive. The CD-ROM drive must support a sustained data transfer rate of 300 KB/s using at most 60% of CPU bandwidth on 16 KB minimum block read size. Its average seek time must be 400 milliseconds maximum. Capability Mode 1, Mode 2 form 1, Mode 2 form 2, Multisession. It must be CD-ROM XA-ready. The computer must have 16-bit digital sound, an 8-note synthesizer, and MIDI playback. A sample rate of 44.1 kHz must be available on stereo channels with more than 15% of CPU bandwidth. A video display with a resolution of 640 x 480 in 65,536 colours, and MIDI, I/O, and joystick ports must be provided.
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