19-letter words containing i, n, p
- eight queens puzzle — (algorithm) A puzzle in which one has to place eight queens on a chessboard such that no queen is attacking any other, i.e. no two queens occupy the same row, column or diagonal. One may have to produce all possible such configurations or just one. It is a common students assignment to devise a program to solve the eight queens puzzle. The brute force algorithm tries all 64*63*62*61*60*59*58*57 = 178,462,987,637,760 possible layouts of eight pieces on a chessboard to see which ones meet the criterion. More intelligent algorithms use the fact that there are only ten positions for the first queen that are not reflections of each other, and that the first queen leaves at most 42 safe squares, giving only 10*42*41*40*39*38*37*36 = 1,359,707,731,200 layouts to try, and so on. The puzzle may be varied with different number of pieces and different size boards.
- electrode potential — the potential difference developed when an electrode of an element is placed in a solution containing ions of that element
- electron micrograph — a photograph or image of a specimen taken using an electron microscope
- electron microscope — An electron microscope is a type of very powerful microscope that uses electrons instead of light to produce a magnified image of something.
- electron multiplier — a device for amplifying and measuring a flux of electrons. Each electron hits an anode surface and releases secondary electrons that are accelerated to a second surface; after several such stages a measurable pulse of current is obtained
- electronic graphics — (on television) the production of graphic designs and text by electronic means
- elementary particle — any of several entities, such as electrons, neutrons, or protons, that are less complex than atoms and are regarded as the constituents of all matter
- employment tribunal — (in England, Scotland, and Wales) a tribunal that rules on disputes between employers and employees regarding unfair dismissal, redundancy, etc
- english toy spaniel — breed of dog
- entitlement program — a government program providing defined sectors of the population with social benefits
- equal opportunities — Equal opportunities refers to the policy of giving everyone the same opportunities for employment, pay and promotion, without discriminating against particular groups.
- european commission — the executive body of the European Union formed in 1967, which initiates action in the EU and mediates between member governments
- european parliament — law: assembly in Strasbourg
- evaporative cooling — a method of reducing temperature that uses evaporation
- exclusion principle — Pauli exclusion principle
- executive president — a president in certain systems of government who possesses wide powers
- expeditionary force — An expeditionary force is a group of soldiers who are sent to fight in a foreign country.
- experimenter effect — the influence of an experimenter's expectations on his results
- expressionistically — In an expressionistic manner.
- extendible compiler — (language) (ETC) A Fortran-like compiler that can be extended with macros.
- extreme programming — a discipline of software engineering following a specific structure, designed to simplify and speed up the development process
- family practitioner — medical specialization in general practice, requiring training beyond that of general practice and leading to board certification.
- female impersonator — a male performer who dresses as and impersonates women.
- feynman, richard p. — Richard P. Feynman
- fighter-interceptor — a fighter plane used for the defense of a region against air attack, especially by attacking bombers.
- finger on the pulse — If you have your finger on the pulse of something, you know all the latest opinions or developments concerning it.
- first person plural — a grammatical category of pronouns and verbs used by the speaker to refer to or talk about himself together with others
- flat-joint pointing — pointing having flush joints of common mortar.
- floating-point unit — (hardware) (FPU) A floating-point accelerator, usually in a single integrated circuit, possible on the same IC as the central processing unit.
- flowering raspberry — a shrub, Rubus ordoratus, of eastern North America, having loose clusters of showy purplish or rose-purple flowers and inedible, dry, red fruit.
- follow-up interview — a second interview following an initial interview
- forensic psychiatry — the use of psychiatric knowledge and techniques in questions of law, as in determining legal insanity.
- four eyes principle — the requirement that a business transaction be approved by at least two individuals
- fractal compression — (algorithm) A technique for encoding images using fractals.
- franco-prussian war — the war between France and Prussia, 1870–71.
- free alongside ship — (of a shipment of goods) delivered to the dock without charge to the buyer, but excluding the cost of loading onto the vessel
- gallipoli peninsula — peninsula in S European Turkey, forming the NW shore of the Dardanelles: c. 55 mi (89 km) long
- gedanken experiment — thought experiment.
- general partnership — a partnership in which each of the partners is fully liable for the firm's debts.
- general post office — (in the U.S. postal system) the main post office of a city, county, etc., that also has branch post offices. Abbreviation: G.P.O., GPO.
- generic programming — (programming) A programming technique which aims to make programs more adaptable by making them more general. Generic programs often embody non-traditional kinds of polymorphism; ordinary programs are obtained from them by suitably instantiating their parameters. In contrast with normal programs, the parameters of a generic programs are often quite rich in structure. For example they may be other programs, types or type constructors or even programming paradigms.
- genetic fingerprint — DNA fingerprinting.
- genetic programming — (programming) (GP) A programming technique which extends the genetic algorithm to the domain of whole computer programs. In GP, populations of programs are genetically bred to solve problems. Genetic programming can solve problems of system identification, classification, control, robotics, optimisation, game playing, and pattern recognition. Starting with a primordial ooze of hundreds or thousands of randomly created programs composed of functions and terminals appropriate to the problem, the population is progressively evolved over a series of generations by applying the operations of Darwinian fitness proportionate reproduction and crossover (sexual recombination).
- gentleman-pensioner — (formerly) a gentleman-at-arms.
- geocentric parallax — the apparent displacement of an observed object due to a change in the position of the observer.
- gigabits per second — (unit) (Gbps) A unit of information transfer rate equal to one billion bits per second. Note that, while a gigabit is defined as a power of two (2^30 bits), a gigabit per second is defined as a power of ten (10^9 bits per second, which is slightly less) than 2^30).
- give a person a fit — to surprise a person in an outrageous manner
- go jump in the lake — a body of fresh or salt water of considerable size, surrounded by land.
- governing principle — a fundamental moral rule that guides and influences how something is done
- grade point average — a measure of scholastic attainment computed by dividing the total number of grade points received by the total number of credits or hours of course work taken.