19-letter words containing d, t, y, p
- accommodation party — the guarantor who signs an accommodation bill
- algebraic data type — (programming) (Or "sum of products type") In functional programming, new types can be defined, each of which has one or more constructors. Such a type is known as an algebraic data type. E.g. in Haskell we can define a new type, "Tree": data Tree = Empty | Leaf Int | Node Tree Tree with constructors "Empty", "Leaf" and "Node". The constructors can be used much like functions in that they can be (partially) applied to arguments of the appropriate type. For example, the Leaf constructor has the functional type Int -> Tree. A constructor application cannot be reduced (evaluated) like a function application though since it is already in normal form. Functions which operate on algebraic data types can be defined using pattern matching: depth :: Tree -> Int depth Empty = 0 depth (Leaf n) = 1 depth (Node l r) = 1 + max (depth l) (depth r) The most common algebraic data type is the list which has constructors Nil and Cons, written in Haskell using the special syntax "[]" for Nil and infix ":" for Cons. Special cases of algebraic types are product types (only one constructor) and enumeration types (many constructors with no arguments). Algebraic types are one kind of constructed type (i.e. a type formed by combining other types). An algebraic data type may also be an abstract data type (ADT) if it is exported from a module without its constructors. Objects of such a type can only be manipulated using functions defined in the same module as the type itself. In set theory the equivalent of an algebraic data type is a discriminated union - a set whose elements consist of a tag (equivalent to a constructor) and an object of a type corresponding to the tag (equivalent to the constructor arguments).
- binocular disparity — the small differences in the positions of the parts of the images falling on each eye that results when each eye views the scene from a slightly different position; these differences make stereoscopic vision possible
- bit-paired keyboard — (hardware) (Obsolete, or "bit-shift keyboard") A non-standard keyboard layout that seems to have originated with the Teletype ASR-33 and remained common for several years on early computer equipment. The ASR-33 was a mechanical device (see EOU), so the only way to generate the character codes from keystrokes was by some physical linkage. The design of the ASR-33 assigned each character key a basic pattern that could be modified by flipping bits if the SHIFT or the CTRL key was pressed. In order to avoid making the thing more of a Rube Goldberg kluge than it already was, the design had to group characters that shared the same basic bit pattern on one key. Looking at the ASCII chart, we find: high low bits bits 0000 0001 0010 0011 0100 0101 0110 0111 1000 1001 010 ! " # $ % & ' ( ) 011 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 This is why the characters !"#$%&'() appear where they do on a Teletype (thankfully, they didn't use shift-0 for space). This was *not* the weirdest variant of the QWERTY layout widely seen, by the way; that prize should probably go to one of several (differing) arrangements on IBM's even clunkier 026 and 029 card punches. When electronic terminals became popular, in the early 1970s, there was no agreement in the industry over how the keyboards should be laid out. Some vendors opted to emulate the Teletype keyboard, while others used the flexibility of electronic circuitry to make their product look like an office typewriter. These alternatives became known as "bit-paired" and "typewriter-paired" keyboards. To a hacker, the bit-paired keyboard seemed far more logical - and because most hackers in those days had never learned to touch-type, there was little pressure from the pioneering users to adapt keyboards to the typewriter standard. The doom of the bit-paired keyboard was the large-scale introduction of the computer terminal into the normal office environment, where out-and-out technophobes were expected to use the equipment. The "typewriter-paired" standard became universal, "bit-paired" hardware was quickly junked or relegated to dusty corners, and both terms passed into disuse.
- capacity attendance — a situation when a venue for an event is as full as it can be
- captain of industry — You can refer to the owners or senior managers of industrial companies as captains of industry.
- compact disc player — a machine for playing compact discs
- compact disk player — a device for playing compact disks.
- computed tomography — computerized axial tomography. Abbreviation: CT.
- computer dictionary — Free On-line Dictionary of Computing
- counterproductively — In a counterproductive way.
- daisy-wheel printer — a type of printer that uses a daisywheel
- data encryption key — (DEK) Used for the encryption of message text and for the computation of message integrity checks (signatures). See cryptography.
- debugging by printf — (programming) The debugging technique where the programmer inserts print statements into a program so that when run the program leaves a "trail of breadcrumbs" allowing him to see which parts were executed. The information output may just be a short string to indicate that a particular point in the code has been reached or it might be a complete stack trace. The output typically just goes to the window or terminal in which the program is running or may be written to a log file.
- deflationary spiral — Geometry. a plane curve generated by a point moving around a fixed point while constantly receding from or approaching it.
- development company — a company that buys land and builds houses, offices, shops, or factories on it, or buys existing buildings and makes them more modern
- digital photography — the taking or manipulation of photographs that are stored as data files on a computer.
- dihydrostreptomycin — an antibiotic, C 21 H 41 N 7 O 12 , derived by organic synthesis from and believed to be less toxic than streptomycin: used in the form of its sulfate chiefly in the treatment of tuberculosis.
- diplomatic immunity — exemption from taxation, searches, arrest, etc., enjoyed by diplomatic officials and their dependent families under international law, and usually on a reciprocal basis.
- disciplinary action — punishment or caution
- display advertising — display ads taken collectively.
- diversional therapy — the structured use of leisure time in recreation and play as a form of or supplement to conventional therapy
- dynamic positioning — Dynamic positioning is the use of computers to control the position of a semi-submersible rig.
- electrocardiography — The measurement of electrical activity in the heart and the recording of such activity as a visual trace (on paper or on an oscilloscope screen), using electrodes placed on the skin of the limbs and chest.
- empty-nest syndrome — a condition, often involving depression, loneliness, etc, experienced by parents living in a home from which the children have grown up and left
- expeditionary force — An expeditionary force is a group of soldiers who are sent to fight in a foreign country.
- expert systems ltd. — (company) (ESL) Distributors of ESLPDPRO. Adderss: Magdalen Centre, Oxford Science Park, Oxford, OX4 4GA. Telephone +44 (865) 784474.
- family-sized packet — a large packet
- highways department — the department of a state, council, etc, responsible for the upkeep of roads and highways
- hydroelectric power — electricity generated by water
- hydropneumatization — utilization of air pressure in the housing of a water turbine to keep the level of water that has been used from rising to interfere with the rotor blades.
- hyperfocal distance — the distance, at a given f number, between a camera lens and the nearest point (hyperfocal point) having satisfactory definition when focused at infinity.
- hyperparathyroidism — overactivity of the parathyroid gland, characterized by softening of the bones, with consequent pain, tenderness, and a tendency to spontaneous fractures, and by muscular weakness and abdominal cramps.
- hyperphosphorylated — Simple past tense and past participle of hyperphosphorylate.
- industrial capacity — the amount of resources (workforce, factories, etc) present in a place that will enable an industry or industries to produce goods
- interdepartmentally — involving or existing between two or more departments: interdepartmental rivalry.
- interdisciplinarity — Any academic or scientific study that draws on the expertise of more than one discipline.
- land of opportunity — Arkansas (used as a nickname).
- lobby correspondent — a political correspondent who reports from parliament
- longitudinal parity — (storage, communications) An extra byte (or word) appended to a block of data in order to reveal corruption of the data. Bit n of this byte indicates whether there was an even or odd number of "1" bits in bit position n of the bytes in the block. The parity byte is computed by XORing the data bytes in the block. Longitudinal parity allows single bit errors to be detected.
- medroxyprogesterone — a progesterone derivative, C 2 4 H 3 4 O 4 , used in the treatment of abnormal uterine bleeding and secondary amenorrhea, as a contraceptive of long duration, and in the treatment of certain cancers.
- midafternoon prayer — the fifth of the seven canonical hours; none
- mutual fund company — a company that sells and manages mutual funds
- nonproprietary drug — A nonproprietary drug is a generic drug that is essentially similar to a drug with a brand name.
- north new hyde park — a town on W Long Island, in SE New York.
- orthopaedic surgery — surgery concerned with disorders of the spine and joints and the repair of deformities of these parts
- parathyroid extract — an aqueous preparation obtained from the parathyroid gland of cattle, used in medicine chiefly in cases of parathyroid deficiency and in veterinary medicine in the treatment of tetanic convulsions.
- parathyroid hormone — a polypeptide hormone, produced in the parathyroid glands, that helps regulate the blood levels of calcium and phosphate. Abbreviation: PTH.
- pecuniary advantage — financial advantage that is dishonestly obtained by deception and that constitutes a criminal offence
- peritoneal dialysis — a form of dialysis in which the peritoneum is used as an autogenous semipermeable membrane
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