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14-letter words containing c, o, d, e, t, r

  • period costume — the attire typical of a particular period in time
  • periodic table — a table illustrating the periodic system, in which the chemical elements, formerly arranged in the order of their atomic weights and now according to their atomic numbers, are shown in related groups.
  • photoelectrode — an electrode that, following the absorption of light, can initialize electrochemical transformations
  • photorecording — the act of making photographic records, especially of documents.
  • photoreduction — a reduction reaction induced by light.
  • picture editor — someone whose job is to deal with the photographs and illustrations for a newspaper or magazine
  • picture window — a large window in a house, usually dominating the room or wall in which it is located, and often designed or placed to present an attractive view.
  • polar distance — codeclination.
  • potluck dinner — a meal consisting of whatever food happens to be available without special preparation
  • powder compact — make-up: small case of foundation
  • preconcertedly — in a preconcerted or preplanned manner
  • preconditioned — something that must come before or is necessary to a subsequent result; condition: a precondition for a promotion.
  • predicate noun — a noun used in the predicate with a copulative verb or a factitive verb and having the same referent as the subject of the copulative verb or the direct object of the factitive verb, as in She is the mayor or They elected her mayor.
  • procrastinated — to defer action; delay: to procrastinate until an opportunity is lost.
  • productiveness — having the power of producing; generative; creative: a productive effort.
  • productivities — the quality, state, or fact of being able to generate, create, enhance, or bring forth goods and services: The productivity of the group's effort surprised everyone.
  • project leader — leader of a task or programme
  • propaedeutical — relating to preliminary instruction; introductory
  • protected mode — An operating mode of Intel 80x86 processors. The opposite of real mode. The Intel 8088, Intel 8086, Intel 80188 and Intel 80186 had only real mode, processors beginning with the Intel 80286 feature a second mode called protected mode. In real mode, addresses are generated by adding an address offset to the value of a segment register shifted left four bits. As the segment register and address offset are 16 bits long this results in a 20-bit address. This is the origin of the one megabyte (2^20) limit in real mode. There are 4 segment registers on processors before the Intel 80386. The 80386 introduced two more segment registers. Which segment register is used depends on the instruction, on the addressing mode and of an optional instruction prefix which selects the segment register explicitly. In protected mode, the segment registers contain an index into a table of segment descriptors. Each segment descriptor contains the start address of the segment, to which the offset is added to generate the address. In addition, the segment descriptor contains memory protection information. This includes an offset limit and bits for write and read permission. This allows the processor to prevent memory accesses to certain data. The operating system can use this to protect different processes' memory from each other, hence the name "protected mode". While the standard register set belongs to the CPU, the segment registers lie "at the boundary" between the CPU and MMU. Each time a new value is loaded into a segment register while in protected mode, the corresponding descriptor is loaded into a descriptor cache in the (Segment-)MMU. On processors before the Pentium this takes longer than just loading the segment register in real mode. Addresses generated by the CPU (which are segment offsets) are passed to the MMU to be checked against the limit in the segment descriptor and are there added to the segment base address in the descriptor to form a linear address. On a 80386 or later, the linear address is further processed by the paged MMU before the result (the physical address) appears on the chip's address pins. The 80286 doesn't have a paged MMU so the linear address is output directly as the physical address. The paged MMU allows for arbitrary remapping of four klilobyte memory blocks (pages) through a translation table stored in memory. A few entries of this table are cached in the MMU's Translation Lookaside Buffer to avoid excessive memory accesses. After processor reset, all processors start in real mode. Protected mode has to be enabled by software. On the 80286 there exists no documented way back to real mode apart from resetting the processor. Later processors allow switching back to real mode by software. Software which has been written or compiled to run in protected mode must only use segment register values given to it by the operating system. Unfortunately, most application code for MS-DOS, written before the 286, will fail in protected mode because it assumes real mode addressing and writes arbitrary values to segment registers, e.g. in order to perform address calculations. Such use of segment registers is only really necessary with data structures that are larger than 64 kilobytes and thus don't fit into a single segment. This is usually dealt with by the huge memory model in compilers. In this model, compilers generate address arithmetic involving segment registers. A solution which is portable to protected mode with almost the same efficiency would involve using a table of segments instead of calculating new segment register values ad hoc. To ease the transition to protected mode, Intel 80386 and later processors provide "virtual 86 mode".
  • provident club — a hire-purchase system offered by some large retail organizations
  • puncture wound — injury: perforation
  • race condition — Anomalous behavior due to unexpected critical dependence on the relative timing of events. For example, if one process writes to a file while another is reading from the same location then the data read may be the old contents, the new contents or some mixture of the two depending on the relative timing of the read and write operations. A common remedy in this kind of race condition is file locking; a more cumbersome remedy is to reorganize the system such that a certain processes (running a daemon or the like) is the only process that has access to the file, and all other processes that need to access the data in that file do so only via interprocess communication with that one process. As an example of a more subtle kind of race condition, consider a distributed chat network like IRC, where a user is granted channel-operator privileges in any channel he starts. If two users on different servers, on different ends of the same network, try to start the same-named channel at the same time, each user's respective server will grant channel-operator privileges to each user, since neither will yet have received the other's signal that that channel has been started. In this case of a race condition, the "shared resource" is the conception of the state of the network (what channels exist, as well as what users started them and therefore have what privileges), which each server is free to change as long as it signals the other servers on the network about the changes so that they can update their conception of the state of the network. However, the latency across the network makes possible the kind of race condition described. In this case, heading off race conditions by imposing a form of control over access to the shared resource -- say, appointing one server to be in charge of who holds what privileges -- would mean turning the distributed network into a centralized one (at least for that one part of the network operation). Where this is not acceptable, the more pragmatic solution is to have the system recognize when a race condition has occurred and to repair the ill effects. Race conditions also affect electronic circuits where the value output by a logic gate depends on the exact timing of two or more input signals. For example, consider a two input AND gate fed with a logic signal X on input A and its negation, NOT X, on input B. In theory, the output (X AND NOT X) should never be high. However, if changes in the value of X take longer to propagate to input B than to input A then when X changes from false to true, there will be a brief period during which both inputs are true, and so the gate's output will also be true. If this output is fed to an edge-sensitive component such as a counter or flip-flop then the temporary effect ("glitch") will become permanent.
  • radio cassette — A radio cassette is a radio and a cassette player together in a single machine.
  • radio spectrum — the portion of the electromagnetic spectrum that includes radio waves.
  • radiochemistry — the chemical study of radioactive elements, both natural and artificial, and their use in the study of chemical processes.
  • rationalized c — (language)   (RatC, after "RATFOR") A version of Ron Cain's original Small-C compiler.
  • re-accommodate — to do a kindness or a favor to; oblige: to accommodate a friend by helping him move to a new apartment.
  • reading notice — a short advertisement placed at the bottom of a column, as on the front page of a newspaper, and often set in the same print as other matter.
  • readjudication — an act of adjudicating.
  • reception desk — the front desk in a hotel where guests can books rooms or ask questions
  • recodification — the act, process, or result of arranging in a systematic form or code.
  • recommendation — an act of recommending.
  • recommendatory — serving to recommend; recommending.
  • recondensation — the act or process of condensing again
  • reconsolidated — to bring together (separate parts) into a single or unified whole; unite; combine: They consolidated their three companies.
  • record cabinet — a piece of furniture like a cupboard, designed to hold or display vinyl records stacked on their side
  • recording tape — a ribbon of material, esp magnetic tape, used to record sound, images and data, used in a tape recorder
  • rediscountable — able to be rediscounted
  • reindoctrinate — to instruct in a doctrine, principle, ideology, etc., especially to imbue with a specific partisan or biased belief or point of view.
  • reintroduction — the act of introducing or the state of being introduced.
  • retrodirective — (of a mirror, reflector, etc.) having three reflecting surfaces so oriented that a ray of light is reflected in a direction parallel but opposite to its original direction.
  • ribonucleotide — an ester, composed of a ribonucleoside and phosphoric acid, that is a constituent of ribonucleic acid.
  • ride at anchor — to be anchored
  • rob the cradle — a small bed for an infant, usually on rockers.
  • rock partridge — the Greek partridge; Alectoris graeca
  • rolled tobacco — loose tobacco that is rolled into cigarettes
  • root directory — (file system)   The topmost node of a hierarchical file system.
  • sacred history — history that is retold with the aim of instilling religious faith and which may or may not be founded on fact
  • sacred monster — a celebrity whose eccentricities or indiscretions are easily forgiven by admirers.
  • sales director — a professional responsible for directing and managing the sales department of a company
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