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27-letter words containing c, a, p, e, r, n

  • interface message processor — (networking)   (IMP) The original message switching node on the ARPANET.
  • international space station — an orbiting space station construction of which began in 2001 with the cooperation of 16 nations; used for scientific and space research
  • link state routing protocol — (networking, communications)   A routing protocol such as OSPF which permits routers to exchange information with one another about the reachability of other networks and the cost or metric to reach the other networks. The cost/metric is based on number of hops, link speeds, traffic congestion, and other factors as determined by the network designer. Link state routers use Dijkstra's algorithm to calculate shortest (lowest cost) paths, and normally update other routers with whom they are connected only when their own routing tables change. Link state routing is an improvement over distance-vector routing protocols such as RIP which normally use only a single metric (such as hop count) and which exchange all of their table information with all other routers on a regular schedule. Link state routing normally requires more processing but less transmission overhead.
  • linux documentation project — (project)   (LDP) A team of volunteers developing documentation for the Linux operating system. The LDP aims to handle all of the issues of Linux documentation, ranging from on-line documentation to printed manuals, covering topics such as installing, using, and running Linux. The LDP has no central organisation; anyone can join in.
  • military-industrial complex — a network of a nation's military force together with all of the industries that support it.
  • mongolian people's republic — a republic in E central Asia, in N Mongolia. About 600,000 sq. mi. (1,500,000 sq. km). Capital: Ulan Bator.
  • multiple document interface — (programming)   (MDI) The ability of an application program to show windows giving views of more than one document at a time. The opposite is Single Document Interface (SDI).
  • natural language processing — (artificial intelligence)   (NLP) Computer understanding, analysis, manipulation, and/or generation of natural language. This can refer to anything from fairly simple string-manipulation tasks like stemming, or building concordances of natural language texts, to higher-level AI-like tasks like processing user queries in natural language.
  • netware link state protocol — (networking, protocol)   (NLSP) A companion protocol to IPX for exchange of routing information in a Novell network. NLSP supersedes Novell's RIP.
  • network application support — (networking)   (NAS) DEC's approach to applications integration across a distributed multivendor environment.
  • neurolinguistic programming — a therapy designed to alter behaviour by reprogramming unconscious patterns of thought
  • object-oriented programming — (programming)   (OOP) The use of a class of programming languages and techniques based on the concept of an "object" which is a data structure (abstract data type) encapsulated with a set of routines, called "methods", which operate on the data. Operations on the data can only be performed via these methods, which are common to all objects that are instances of a particular "class". Thus the interface to objects is well defined, and allows the code implementing the methods to be changed so long as the interface remains the same. Each class is a separate module and has a position in a "class hierarchy". Methods or code in one class can be passed down the hierarchy to a subclass or inherited from a superclass. This is called "inheritance". A procedure call is described as invoking a method on an object (which effectively becomes the procedure's first argument), and may optionally include other arguments. The method name is looked up in the object's class to find out how to perform that operation on the given object. If the method is not defined for the object's class, it is looked for in its superclass and so on up the class hierarchy until it is found or there is no higher superclass. OOP started with SIMULA-67 around 1970 and became all-pervasive with the advent of C++, and later Java. Another popular object-oriented programming language (OOPL) is Smalltalk, a seminal example from Xerox's Palo Alto Research Center (PARC). Others include Ada, Object Pascal, Objective C, DRAGOON, BETA, Emerald, POOL, Eiffel, Self, Oblog, ESP, LOOPS, POLKA, and Python. Other languages, such as Perl and VB, permit, but do not enforce OOP.
  • open scripting architecture — (OSA) A CIL approach to the coexistence of multiple scripting systems.
  • patent and trademark office — government agency
  • pelvic inflammatory disease — an inflammation of the female pelvic organs, most commonly the fallopian tubes, usually as a result of bacterial infection. Abbreviation: PID.
  • perfect programmer syndrome — Arrogance; the egotistical conviction that one is above normal human error. Most frequently found among programmers of some native ability but relatively little experience (especially new graduates; their perceptions may be distorted by a history of excellent performance at solving toy problems). "Of course my program is correct, there is no need to test it." "Yes, I can see there may be a problem here, but *I'll* never type "rm -r /" while in root mode."
  • peripheral technology group — (company)   A national and international distributor of IBM PC-to-Unix and Internet connectivity products. They cater for resellers, dealers and VARs and are one of the top Seagate and Micropolis distributors in the US. Address: Eden Prairie, MN, USA (a suburb of Minneapolis). Eden Prairie ("Silicon Prairie") is the home of Digi International, Ontrack, Open Systems, LaserMaster, Best Buy, and others.
  • personal accident insurance — accident which covers personal accidents
  • plain old telephone service — (communications)   (POTS) The traditional voice service provided by phone companies, especially when opposed to data services. Note that the acronym POTS is sometimes expanded as "Plain Old Telephone System" in which sense it is synonymous to Public Switched Telephone Network but used somewhat derogatively.
  • portable scheme interpreter — (PSI) A portable scheme interpreter by Ozan Yigit <[email protected]>, David Keldsen and Pontus Hedman that includes a simple DAG compiler and a virtual machine. It can be used as an integrated extension interpreter in other systems and allows easy addition of new primitives. There are some unique debugging and tracing facilities. Acceptable performance results from a fairly straight-forward implementation. Continuations are fully and portably supported and perform well. PSI is based on the simple compilers and virtual machine in Kent Dbyvig's thesis. The pre-release version conforms to R4RS with a number of useful extensions.
  • press complaints commission — an independent body which has the job of investigating complaints from the public against newspapers for what they have published
  • prince albert national park — a national park in W Canada, in central Saskatchewan. 1869 sq. mi.
  • product liability insurance — Product liability insurance is insurance for a producer or supplier of goods against injury to third parties or loss of or damage to their property that is caused by a fault in the goods.
  • protestant episcopal church — Episcopal Church in America.
  • provisional driving licence — a temporary driving licence issued to learner drivers
  • public broadcasting service — a network of independent, noncommercial television stations that operate with public and government funding instead of with revenues from advertising. Abbreviation: PBS.
  • public service broadcasting — publicly-funded broadcasting
  • publius-licinius-valerianus — (Publius Licinius Valerianus) died a.d. c260, Roman emperor 253–60.
  • respiratory syncytial virus — a myxovirus causing infections of the nose and throat, esp in young children. It is thought to be involved in some cot deaths
  • rockwell protocol interface — (RPI) A cost-cutting feature of some modems allowing data compression and error correction (e.g. ITU-T V.42bis, V.42) to be provided in software instead of hardware. Usually an RPI modem comes with RPI-aware software (e.g. the low-end RPI models of Supra come with the COMit which supports RPI, providing MNP 2,4,5,7, V.42 and V.42bis). RPI is not supported by many commercial packages nor by current releases of popular shareware communication programs (Telix v3.22 and Telemate v4.12). ProComm Plus for Windows 2.0 will support RPI. Currently Rockwell produce two classes of RPI chip set. The original is capable of 2400 bit/s data, 9600 bit/s class 1-only fax. The newer one is capable of 14400 bit/s data/fax. Currently there are no RPI chipset from Rockwell supporting speeds higher than 14400 bit/s.
  • rough endoplasmic reticulum — a network of tubular membranes within the cytoplasm of the cell, occurring either with a smooth surface (smooth endoplasmic reticulum) or studded with ribosomes (rough endoplasmic reticulum) involved in the transport of materials.
  • serial peripheral interface — (communications, hardware)   (SPI) A serial interface in which a master device supplies clock pulses to exchanges data serially with a slave over two data wires (Master-Slave and Slave-Master). This term probably originated with Motorola in about 1979 with their first all-in-one microcontroller.
  • session initiation protocol — (protocol)   (SIP) A very simple text-based application-layer control protocol. It creates, modifies, and terminates sessions with one or more participants. Such sessions include Internet telephony and multimedia conferences. It is described in RFC 2543.
  • statistical process control — Statistical process control is a method used for maintaining quality in a manufacturing process by measuring characteristics of a product and using deviations from the ideal to adjust the process.
  • stock market closing report — a summary of the prices of stocks and shares at the end of trading including information about their gains or losses over the trading period
  • synchronous optical network — (networking)   (SONET) A broadband networking standard based on point-to-point optical fibre networks. SONET will provide a high-bandwidth "pipe" to support ATM-based services. The SONET standard will establish a digital hierarchical network with a consistent worldwide transport scheme. SONET has been designed to take advantage of fibre, in contrast to the plain old telephone system which was designed for copper wires. SONET carries circuit-switched data in frames at speeds in multiples of 51.84 megabits per second (Mbps) up to 48 * 51.84 Mbps = 2.488 gigabits per second. Since SONET uses multiple channels to transmit data, each SONET frame can be considered to be a two-dimensional table of bytes that is 9 rows high and 90 columns deep. For every OC-n level, SONET can transmit n number of frames at a given time. Groups of frames are called superframes. SONET is the American version of SDH.
  • telephone answering machine — answering machine.
  • to cast pearls before swine — If you say that someone is casting pearls before swine, you mean that they are wasting their time by offering something that is helpful or valuable to someone who does not appreciate or understand it.
  • to invade someone's privacy — If someone or something invades your privacy, they interfere in your life without your permission.
  • to stop dead in your tracks — If someone or something stops you in your tracks, or if you stop dead in your tracks, you suddenly stop moving because you are very surprised, impressed, or frightened.
  • trichlorophenoxyacetic acid — an insoluble crystalline solid; 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid. It is a plant hormone and is used as a weedkiller. Formula: C8H5Cl3O3
  • universal computer protocol — (communications, protocol)   An earlier form of External Machine Interface (EMI).
  • vice-presidential candidate — a candidate for the position of a person who ranks immediately below the chief executive or head of state of a republic, esp of the US
  • weapons of mass destruction — nuclear, biological and chemical arms
  • western digital corporation — (company)   A company founded in 1970 as a specialised semiconductor manufacturer, which today manufactures and sells microcomputer products including small form factor hard disk drives for personal computers, integrated circuits and circuit boards for graphics, storage, communications, battery management, and logic functions.
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