18-letter words containing b, o, t, a, n, i
- 16-bit application — (operating system) Software for MS-DOS or Microsoft Windows which originally ran on the 16-bit Intel 8088 and 80286 microprocessors. These used a segmented address space to extend the range of addresses from what is possible with just a 16-bit address. Programs with more than 64 kilobytes of code or data therefore had to waste time switching between segments. Furthermore, programming with segments is more involved than programming in a flat address space, giving rise to warts like memory models in C and C++. Compare 32-bit application.
- 32-bit application — (architecture, operating system) IBM PC software that runs in a 32-bit flat address space. The term 32-bit application came about because MS-DOS and Microsoft Windows were originally written for the Intel 8088 and 80286 microprocessors. These are 16 bit microprocessors with a segmented address space. Programs with more than 64 kilobytes of code and/or data therefore had to switch between segments quite frequently. As this operation is quite time consuming in comparison to other machine operations, the application's performance may suffer. Furthermore, programming with segments is more involved than programming in a flat address space, giving rise to some complications in programming languages like "memory models" in C and C++. The shift from 16-bit software to 32-bit software on IBM PC clones became possible with the introduction of the Intel 80386 microprocessor. This microprocessor and its successors support a segmented address space with 16-bit and 32 bit segments (more precisely: segments with 16- or 32-bit address offset) or a linear 32-bit address space. For compatibility reasons, however, much of the software is nevertheless written in 16-bit models. See also Win32s.
- abortion-on-demand — the right of a woman to have an abortion during the first six months of a pregnancy.
- absolute magnitude — the apparent magnitude a given star would have if it were situated at a distance of 10 parsecs (32.6 light years) from the earth
- absorption costing — a method of cost accounting in which overheads are apportioned to cost centres, where they are absorbed using predetermined rates
- accommodation bill — a bill of exchange cosigned by a guarantor: designed to strengthen the acceptor's credit
- account receivable — a current asset account showing amounts payable to a firm by customers who have made purchases of goods and services on credit
- admirable crichton — a comedy (1902) by Sir James M. Barrie.
- alarm clock briton — a British worker with a moderate income, whose daily routine involves preparing children for school and going out to work
- algebraic equation — an equation in the form of a polynomial having a finite number of terms and equated to zero, as 2 x 3 + 4 x 2 − x + 7 = 0.
- algebraic function — any function which can be constructed in a finite number of steps from the elementary operations and the inverses of any function already constructed
- algebraic notation — the standard method of denoting the squares on the chessboard, by allotting a letter, a, b, c, up to h, to each of the files running up the board from White's side, starting from the left, and a number to each of the ranks across the board, starting with White's first rank
- ammonium carbamate — a white soluble crystalline compound produced by reaction between dry ammonia and carbon dioxide and used as a nitrogen fertilizer. Formula: (NH4)CO2NH2
- ammonium carbonate — an unstable pungent soluble white powder that is a double salt of ammonium bicarbonate and ammonium carbamate: used in the manufacture of baking powder, smelling salts, and ammonium compounds. Formula: (NH4)HCO3.(NH4)CO2NH2
- anti-globalization — a political belief opposed to the emergence of a single world market dominated by multinational companies
- antiscorbutic acid — vitamin C
- appropriation bill — a bill to set apart money for a specific purpose
- arbitration clause — a clause in a contract laying down that disputes between the parties should be settled by arbitration
- assignment problem — (mathematics, algorithm) (Or "linear assignment") Any problem involving minimising the sum of C(a, b) over a set P of pairs (a, b) where a is an element of some set A and b is an element of set B, and C is some function, under constraints such as "each element of A must appear exactly once in P" or similarly for B, or both. For example, the a's could be workers and the b's projects. The problem is "linear" because the "cost function" C() depends only on the particular pairing (a, b) and is independent of all other pairings.
- astrometric binary — a binary star that can be recognized as such because of its undulating proper motion.
- attention-grabbing — An attention-grabbing remark or activity is one that is intended to make people notice it.
- attribution theory — the theory that tries to explain how people link actions and emotions to particular causes, both internal and external
- australian doubles — an unusual formation in doubles in which the server's partner is positioned on the same side of the court as the server.
- balanced computing — (jargon) Matching computer tools to job activities so that the computer system structure parallels the organisation structure and work functions. Both personal computers and employees operate in a decentralised environment with monitoring of achievement of management objectives from centralised corporate systems.
- band-tailed pigeon — a wild pigeon, Columba fasciata, of western North America, having a gray band on its tail.
- bargaining counter — A bargaining counter is the same as a bargaining chip.
- baritone saxophone — the second lowest instrument in the family of saxophones
- bartholin's glands — two small reddish-yellow glands, one on each side of the vaginal orifice, that secrete a mucous lubricating substance during sexual stimulation in females
- battery eliminator — eliminator (def 2).
- battery-eliminator — a person or thing that eliminates.
- be having a moment — If something or someone is having a moment, they are successful or popular at the present time.
- beauty competition — a competition in which the participants, usually women, are judged on their attractiveness, with a prize, and often a title, awarded to the winner
- behaviour patterns — the characteristic ways in which a person or animal acts
- benchmark position — a public service job used for comparison with a similar position, such as a position in commerce, for wage settlements
- benzyl thiocyanate — a colorless, crystalline, water-insoluble solid, C 8 H 7 NS, used as an insecticide.
- bernoulli equation — Hydrodynamics. Bernoulli's theorem (def 2).
- bill of quantities — a document drawn up by a quantity surveyor providing details of the prices, dimensions, etc, of the materials required to build a large structure, such as a factory
- biodiversification — the process by which the diversity of plants or animals develops or is increased within a particular region or group of organisms.
- bioinstrumentation — the use of instruments, as sensors, to detect and measure certain body functions, as of persons in spaceflight, and transmit the data to a point where it is evaluated
- biological control — the control of destructive organisms by the use of other organisms, such as the natural predators of the pests
- biological parents — the biological mother and father of a child
- bipolar transistor — (electronics) A transistor made from a sandwich of n- and p-type semiconductor material: either npn or pnp. The middle section is known as the "base" and the other two as the "collector" and "emitter". When used as an amplifying element, the base to emitter junction is in a "forward-biased" (conducting) condition, and the base to collector junction is "reverse-biased" or non-conducting. Small changes in the base to emitter current (the input signal) cause either holes (for pnp devices) or free electrons (for npn) to enter the base from the emitter. The attracting voltage of the collector causes the majority of these charges to cross into and be collected by the collector, resulting in amplification. Contrast field effect transistor.
- blanche of castile — ?1188–1252, queen consort (1223–26) of Louis VIII of France, born in Spain. The mother of Louis IX, she acted as regent during his minority (1226–36) and his absence on a crusade (1248–52)
- blocking capacitor — a capacitor that blocks the passage of direct current but allows alternating current to pass
- board of education — a group or agency with responsibility for education
- board of elections — a bipartisan board appointed usually by local authorities and charged with control of elections and voting procedure.
- bomb disposal unit — a unit of the police or armed services specializing in bomb disposal
- boole's inequality — the theorem that the probability of several events occurring is less than or equal to the sum of the probabilities of each event occurring.
- boundary condition — a stated restriction, usually in the form of an equation, that limits the possible solutions to a differential equation.
- branch instruction — a machine-language or assembly-language instruction that causes the computer to branch to another instruction
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