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19-letter words containing a, e, r, i, l

  • devil's coach-horse — a large black rove beetle, Ocypus olens, with large jaws and ferocious habits
  • devils-on-horseback — a savoury of prunes wrapped in bacon slices and served on toast
  • diamond-leaf laurel — a tree, Pittosporum rhombifolium, of Australia, having coarsely toothed, oval or diamond-shaped leaves and white flowers, widely planted as an ornamental in the southwestern U.S.
  • dielectric constant — Electricity. the ratio of the flux density produced by an electric field in a given dielectric to the flux density produced by that field in a vacuum.
  • differential backup — (operating system)   A kind of backup that copies all files that have changed since the last full backup. Each differential backup will include all files in previous differential backups since the full backup so to restore a version of a file, you only need to search the full backup and the relevant differential backup. Some systems support differential backup by associating an "Archive" flag with each file and setting this flag whenever the file is modified to indicate that it should be included in the next backup. A differential backup does not change this flag, whereas an incremental backup resets it.
  • differential driver — (hardware)   An electronic device (commonly an integrated circuit), containing two amplifiers, used to drive a differential line.
  • digital certificate — (communications, security)   An attachment to an electronic mail message used for security purposes, e.g. to verify that a user sending a message is who he or she claims to be, and to provide the receiver with the means to encode a reply. An individual wishing to send an encrypted message applies for a digital certificate from a certificate authority (CA). The CA issues an encrypted digital certificate containing the applicant's public key and a variety of other identification information. The CA makes its own public key readily available on the Internet. The recipient of an encrypted message uses the CA's public key to decode the digital certificate attached to the message, verifies it as issued by the CA and then obtains the sender's public key and identification information held within the certificate.
  • digital electronics — (electronics)   The implementation of two-valued logic using electronic logic gates such as and gates, or gates and flip-flops. In such circuits the logical values true and false are represented by two different voltages, e.g. 0V for false and +5V for true. Similarly, numbers are normally represented in binary using two different voltages to represented zero and one. Digital electronics contrasts with analogue electronics which represents continuously varying quantities like sound pressure using continuously varying voltages. Digital electronics is the foundation of modern computers and digital communications. Massively complex digital logic circuits with millions of gates can now be built onto a single integrated circuit such as a microprocessor and these circuits can perform millions of operations per second.
  • digital linear tape — (storage)   (DLT) A kind of magnetic tape drive originally developed by DEC and now marketed by Quantum. DLT drives implement the Digital Lempel Ziv 1 (DLZ1) compression algorithm in a combination of hardware and firmware. They use a popular chip by Stac (now hi/fn) to do the string searching. Counting, sorting and Huffman coding are done in firmware (with hardware support for the Huffman algorithm?). In April 1997 DLT drives can transfer 5 megabytes per second and can store 35 gigabytes on a single cartridge. Compression might roughly double these figures.
  • dimethylnitrosamine — a yellow, water-soluble carcinogenic liquid, C 2 H 6 N 2 O, found in tobacco smoke and certain foods: known to be a potent carcinogen. Abbreviation: DMN, DMNA.
  • direct grant school — (in Britain, formerly) a school financed by endowment, fees, and a state grant conditional upon admittance of a percentage of nonpaying pupils nominated by the local education authority
  • directional coupler — (communications)   (tap) A passive device used in cable systems to divide and combine radio frequency signals. A directional coupler has at least three ports: line in, line out, and the tap. The signal passes between line in and line out ports with loss referred to as the insertion loss. A small portion of the signal power applied to the line in port passes to the tap port. A signal applied to the tap port is passed to the line in port less the tap attenuation value. The tap signals are isolated from the line out port to prevent reflections. A signal applied to the line out port passes to the line in port and is isolated from the tap port. Some devices provide more than one tap output line (multi-taps).
  • disaster capitalism — the practice (by a government, regime, etc) of taking advantage of a major disaster to adopt liberal economic policies that the population would be less likely to accept under normal circumstances
  • dispersion relation — the relationship between the angular frequency (ω;) of a wave and the magnitude of its wave vector (k). Thus the wave's speed is ω/k
  • displaced homemaker — a woman recently divorced, separated, or widowed after many years as a homemaker.
  • display advertising — display ads taken collectively.
  • diversional therapy — the structured use of leisure time in recreation and play as a form of or supplement to conventional therapy
  • double-helical gear — herringbone gear.
  • draw the color line — to impose or accept the color line
  • drink the health of — to salute or celebrate with a toast
  • early purple orchid — a Eurasian orchid, Orchis mascula, with purplish-crimson flowers and stems marked with blackish-purple spots
  • east-west relations — relations between the United States and its allies in the western alliance and the Soviet Union, it allies and other Communist countries, especially during the period between the end of World War II and the fall of the Soviet regime
  • ebola virus disease — Also called Ebola fever, Ebola hemorrhagic fever, Ebola virus disease. a usually fatal disease, a type of hemorrhagic fever, caused by the Ebola virus and marked by high fever, severe gastrointestinal distress, and bleeding.
  • educational adviser — a person who provides advice and training to teachers about teaching methods and educational policies
  • elastic deformation — In elastic deformation a material changes shape when a stress is applied to it but goes back to its original state when the stress is removed.
  • elastomeric closure — An elastomeric closure is a component that closes a piece of packaging. An elastomeric closure is made from a material that is able to resume its original shape when it is removed from the packaging and may be in direct contact with the drug enclosed in the pack.
  • electrical engineer — An electrical engineer is a person who uses scientific knowledge to design, construct, and maintain electrical devices.
  • electrocardiographs — Plural form of electrocardiograph.
  • electrocardiography — The measurement of electrical activity in the heart and the recording of such activity as a visual trace (on paper or on an oscilloscope screen), using electrodes placed on the skin of the limbs and chest.
  • electrode potential — the potential difference developed when an electrode of an element is placed in a solution containing ions of that element
  • electrohydrodynamic — (physics) Of or pertaining to electrohydrodynamics.
  • electromagnetically — By means of electromagnetism.
  • electromechanically — In an electromechanical way.
  • electron micrograph — a photograph or image of a specimen taken using an electron microscope
  • electronegativities — Plural form of electronegativity.
  • electronic graphics — (on television) the production of graphic designs and text by electronic means
  • electronic keyboard — a typewriter keyboard used to operate an electronic device such as a computer, word processor, etc
  • electronic magazine — (messaging, publication, web)   (e-zine) A regular publication on some particular topic distributed in digital form, chiefly now via the web but also by electronic mail or floppy disk. E-zines are often distributed for free by enthusiasts.
  • electrophoretically — By means of electrophoresis.
  • electrophotographic — Of or pertaining to electrophotography.
  • electrostatic field — an electric field associated with static electric charges
  • electrostatic units — the system of CGS electric and magnetic units that assigns the value of one to the dielectric constant of a vacuum
  • electrotherapeutics — (medicine) the use of electricity in therapeutics.
  • elementary particle — any of several entities, such as electrons, neutrons, or protons, that are less complex than atoms and are regarded as the constituents of all matter
  • employment tribunal — (in England, Scotland, and Wales) a tribunal that rules on disputes between employers and employees regarding unfair dismissal, redundancy, etc
  • entitlement program — a government program providing defined sectors of the population with social benefits
  • entry qualification — the qualifications and conditions required to join an organization, club, etc
  • environmental audit — the systematic examination of an organization's interaction with the environment, to assess the success of its conservation or antipollution programme
  • environmental lobby — a group of people who promote environmental issues to government, the public, and business
  • equal opportunities — Equal opportunities refers to the policy of giving everyone the same opportunities for employment, pay and promotion, without discriminating against particular groups.
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