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4-letter words starting with g

  • gari — thinly sliced pickled ginger, often served with sushi
  • garn — (obsolete) yarn (twisted fibers for weaving).
  • garp — A graphical language for concurrent programming.
  • gars — Plural form of gar.
  • gart — Simple past tense and past participle of gar.
  • gary — Elbert Henry, 1846–1927, U.S. financier and lawyer.
  • gash — a long, deep wound or cut; slash.
  • gasp — a sudden, short intake of breath, as in shock or surprise.
  • gast — to terrify or frighten.
  • gata — the nurse shark, Ginglymostoma cirratum.
  • gate — Archaic. a path; way.
  • gath — one of the five cities of the Philistines, from which Goliath came (I Samuel 17:4) and near which Saul fell in battle (II Samuel 1:20)
  • gats — Plural form of gat.
  • gatt — law: General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade
  • gaud — a showy ornament or trinket.
  • gaue — Simple past form of giue; obsolete spelling of gave.
  • gaul — an ancient region in W Europe, including the modern areas of N Italy, France, Belgium, and the S Netherlands: consisted of two main divisions, one part S of the Alps (Cisalpine Gaul) and another part N of the Alps (Transalpine Gaul)
  • gaum — to smear or cover with a gummy, sticky substance (often followed by up): My clothes were gaumed up from that axle grease.
  • gaup — to stare with the mouth open in wonder or astonishment; gape: Crowds stood gawping at the disabled ship.
  • gaur — a massive wild ox, Bibos gaurus, of southeastern Asia and the Malay Archipelago, growing to a height of 6 feet (1.8 meters) at the shoulder: now reduced in numbers.
  • gave — simple past tense of give.
  • gawd — Eye dialect of god.
  • gawk — to stare stupidly; gape: The onlookers gawked at arriving celebrities.
  • gawn — (obsolete, UK, dialect) A small tub or lading vessel.
  • gawp — to stare with the mouth open in wonder or astonishment; gape: Crowds stood gawping at the disabled ship.
  • gaya — a city in central Bihar, in NE India: Hindu center of pilgrimage.
  • gaye — Marvin. 1939–84, US soul singer and songwriter; recordings include "I Heard It Through the Grapevine" (1969), What's Going On (1971), and "Sexual Healing" (1982): shot dead by his father
  • gays — Plural form of gay.
  • gaza — a seaport on the Mediterranean Sea, in the Gaza Strip, adjacent to SW Israel; occupied by Israel 1967–94; since 1994 under Palestinian self-rule: ancient trade-route center.
  • gaze — stare
  • gazy — tending to gaze
  • gbps — gigabits per second
  • gcal — (text, tool)   The Cambridge Phoenix equivalent of troff. So called because all Cambridge utilities were named after birds, GCAL was a "run off" equivalent, and Geococcyx californianus is the Latin name of the roadrunner. GCAL was eventually obsoleted by TeX. It is believed that even more obscure puns lurked in the depths of Phoenix. Perhaps it is better they stayed there.
  • gchq — Government Communications Headquarters
  • gcmg — (Knight or Dame) Grand Cross of the Order of St Michael and St George
  • gcos — (operating system)   /jee'kohs/ An operating system developed by General Electric from 1962; originally called GECOS (the General Electric Comprehensive Operating System). The GECOS-II operating system was developed by General Electric for the 36-bit GE-635 in 1962-1964. Contrary to rumour, GECOS was not cloned from System/360 [DOS/360?] - the GE-635 architecture was very different from the IBM 360 and GECOS was more ambitious than DOS/360. GE Information Service Divsion developed a large special multi-computer system that was not publicised because they did not wish time sharing customers to challenge their bills. Although GE ISD was marketing DTSS - the first commercial time sharing system - GE Computer Division had no license from Dartmouth and GE-ISD to market it to external customers, so they designed a time-sharing system to sell as a standard part of GECOS-III, which replaced GECOS-II in 1967. GECOS TSS was more general purpose than DTSS, it was more a programmer's tool (program editing, e-mail on a single system) than a BASIC TSS. The GE-645, a modified 635 built by the same people, was selected by MIT and Bell for the Multics project. Multics' infancy was as painful as any infancy. Bell pulled out in 1969 and later produced Unix. After the buy-out of GE's computer division by Honeywell, GECOS-III was renamed GCOS-3 (General Comprehensive Operating System). Other OS groups at Honeywell began referring to it as "God's Chosen Operating System", allegedly in reaction to the GCOS crowd's uninformed and snotty attitude about the superiority of their product. [Can anyone confirm this?] GCOS won and this led in the orphaning and eventual death of Honeywell Multics. Honeywell also decided to launch a new product line called Level64, and later DPS-7. It was decided to mainatin, at least temporarily, the 36-bit machine as top of the line, because GCOS-3 was so successfull in the 1970s. The plan in 1972-1973 was that GCOS-3 and Multics should converge. This plan was killed by Honeywell management in 1973 for lack of resources and the inability of Multics, lacking databases and transaction processing, to act as a business operating system without a substantial reinvestment. The name "GCOS" was extended to all Honeywell-marketed product lines and GCOS-64, a completely different 32-bit operating system, significanctly inspired by Multics, was designed in France and Boston. GCOS-62, another different 32-bit low-end DOS level was designed in Italy. GCOS-61 represented a new version of a small system made in France and the new DPS-6 16-bit minicomputer line got GCOS-6. When the intended merge between GCOS-3 and Multics failed, the Phoenix designers had in mind a big upgrade of the architecture to introduce segmentation and capabilities. GCOS-3 was renamed GCOS-8, well before it started to use the new features which were introduced in next generation hardware. The GCOS licenses were sold to the Japanese companies NEC and Toshiba who developed the Honeywell products, including GCOS, much further, surpassing the IBM 3090 and IBM 390. When Honeywell decided in 1984 to get its top of the range machines from NEC, they considered running Multics on them but the Multics market was considered too small. Due to the difficulty of porting the ancient Multics code they considered modifying the NEC hardware to support the Multics compilers. GCOS3 featured a good Codasyl database called IDS (Integrated Data Store) that was the model for the more successful IDMS. Several versions of transaction processing were designed for GCOS-3 and GCOS-8. An early attempt at TP for GCOS-3, not taken up in Europe, assumed that, as in Unix, a new process should be started to handle each transaction. IBM customers required a more efficient model where multiplexed threads wait for messages and can share resources. Those features were implemented as subsystems. GCOS-3 soon acquired a proper TP monitor called Transaction Driven System (TDS). TDS was essentially a Honeywell development. It later evolved into TP8 on GCOS-8. TDS and its developments were commercially successful and predated IBM CICS, which had a very similar architecture. GCOS-6 and GCOS-4 (ex-GCOS-62) were superseded by Motorola 68000-based minicomputers running Unix and the product lines were discontinued. In the late 1980s Bull took over Honeywell and Bull's management chose Unix, probably with the intent to move out of hardware into middleware. Bull killed the Boston proposal to port Multics to a platform derived from DPS-6. Very few customers rushed to convert from GCOS to Unix and new machines (of CMOS technology) were still to be introduced in 1997 with GCOS-8. GCOS played a major role in keeping Honeywell a dismal also-ran in the mainframe market. Some early Unix systems at Bell Labs used GCOS machines for print spooling and various other services. The field added to "/etc/passwd" to carry GCOS ID information was called the "GECOS field" and survives today as the "pw_gecos" member used for the user's full name and other human-ID information.
  • gcse — General Certificate of Secondary Education
  • gcvo — (Knight or Dame) Grand Cross of the Royal Victorian Order
  • gdmo — Guidelines for the Definition of Managed Objects. A standard (ISO/IEC 10165-4) for defining data models on ASN.1
  • gdns — Gardens
  • gdpl — Generalized Distributed Programming Language. "GDPL - A Generalized Distributed Programming Language", K. Ng et al, Proc 4th Intl Conf Distrib Comp Sys, IEEE 1984, pp.69-78.
  • geal — (obsolete, or, Scotland) To congeal.
  • gean — heart cherry.
  • gear — Machinery. a part, as a disk, wheel, or section of a shaft, having cut teeth of such form, size, and spacing that they mesh with teeth in another part to transmit or receive force and motion. an assembly of such parts. one of several possible arrangements of such parts in a mechanism, as an automobile transmission, for affording different relations of torque and speed between the driving and the driven machinery, or for permitting the driven machinery to run in either direction: first gear; reverse gear. a mechanism or group of parts performing one function or serving one purpose in a complex machine: steering gear.
  • geas — (in Irish folklore) an obligation or prohibition magically imposed on a person.
  • geat — The channel or spout through which molten metal runs into a mould in casting.
  • geba — a river in W Africa, flowing N from NW Guinea-Bissau to the Atlantic Ocean. About 190 miles (305 km) long.
  • geck — Scorn; derision; contempt.
  • geed — to agree; get along.
  • geef — (Ostensibly from "gefingerpoken") mung. See also blinkenlights.
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